---
title: Amos 8:5 (JPS 1917) — Saying: 'When will the new moon be gone, that we may sell grain? and… · tree and pragmatics
description: Saying: 'When will the new moon be gone, that we may sell grain? and the sabbath, that we may set forth corn? making the ephah small, and the shekel great, and falsifying the balances of deceit; Who acts: new moon, we, deceit. Amos 8:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every
---

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# Amos 8:5 · JPS 1917

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Saying: 'When will the new moon be gone, that we may sell grain? and the sabbath, that we may set forth corn? making the ephah small, and the shekel great, and falsifying the balances of deceit;

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**Who acts:** new moon, we, deceit · **What happens:** say, be, sell, set, make, falsify · **To what, where:** grain, corn, ephah, balances · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Amos 8:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (new moon, we, deceit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:AMO:131
# text = Saying: 'When will the new moon be gone, that we may sell grain? and the sabbath, that we may set forth corn? making the ephah small, and the shekel great, and falsifying the balances of deceit;
1	Saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
3	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	_
4	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
5	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	moon	moon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	cop	_	_
10	gone	gone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	advcl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
13	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	sell	sell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	ccomp	_	_
16	grain	grain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	sabbath	sabbath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
23	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
24	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	set	set	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	advcl	_	_
26	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
27	corn	corn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
28	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
29	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	ephah	ephah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
32	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	xcomp	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	shekel	shekel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nsubj	_	_
37	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	conj	_	_
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
40	falsifying	falsify	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	29	conj	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	balances	balance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	obj	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
44	deceit	deceit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	nmod	_	_
45	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **is** | future | the new moon |  |  |  |  | gone *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **sell** | may | we | grain |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grain=Theme |
| 4 | **set** | may | we | corn |  |  |  | forth *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient corn=Result |
| 5 | **make** | gerund |  | the ephah |  |  |  | small *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset ephah=Product |
| 6 | **falsify** | gerund |  | the balances of deceit |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **balance** |  | deceit |  |  |  |  |  | nom balance «state intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
לֵאמֹ֗ר מָתַ֞י יַעֲבֹ֤ר הַחֹ֙דֶשׁ֙ וְנַשְׁבִּ֣ירָה שֶּׁ֔בֶר וְהַשַּׁבָּ֖ת וְנִפְתְּחָה־בָּ֑ר לְהַקְטִ֤ין אֵיפָה֙ וּלְהַגְדִּ֣יל שֶׁ֔קֶל וּלְעַוֵּ֖ת מֹאזְנֵ֥י מִרְמָֽה׃

[Amos 8:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.8.5/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:AMO:131` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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