--- title: Amos 9:1 (JPS 1917) — I saw the Lord standing beside the altar; and He said: Smite the cap… · tree and pragmatics description: I saw the Lord standing beside the altar; and He said: Smite the capitals, that the posts may shake; and break them in pieces on the head of all of them; and I will slay the residue of them with the sword; there shall not one of them flee away, and there shall not one of them escape. Who acts: I, Lo --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.142/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Amos](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO/9/) / [9:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.9.1/) / JPS 1 # Amos 9:1 · JPS 1917 I saw the Lord standing beside the altar; and He said: Smite the capitals, that the posts may shake; and break them in pieces on the head of all of them; and I will slay the residue of them with the sword; there shall not one of them flee away, and there shall not one of them escape. **Who acts:** I, Lord, He, posts, one · **What happens:** see, stand, say, smite, shake, break · **To what, where:** Lord, altar, capitals, posts, pieces, residue · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Amos 9:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Lord, He, posts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:AMO:142 # text = I saw the Lord standing beside the altar; and He said: Smite the capitals, that the posts may shake; and break them in pieces on the head of all of them; and I will slay the residue of them with the sword; there shall not one of them flee away, and there shall not one of them escape. 1 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 Lord Lord PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 standing stand VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 xcomp _ _ 6 beside beside ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 altar altar NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 9 ; ; PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 11 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 12 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 13 : : PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 14 Smite smite VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 ccomp _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 capitals capital NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obj _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 18 that that SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 posts post NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nsubj _ _ 21 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 22 shake shake VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 advcl _ _ 23 ; ; PUNCT : _ 25 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 25 break break VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 conj _ _ 26 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 obj _ _ 27 in in ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 pieces piece NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obl _ _ 29 on on ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 32 of of ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 31 nmod _ _ 34 of of ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nmod _ _ 36 ; ; PUNCT : _ 40 punct _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 38 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 40 nsubj _ _ 39 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 40 aux _ _ 40 slay slay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 conj _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 residue residue NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obj _ _ 43 of of ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 44 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 42 nmod _ _ 45 with with ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 46 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 sword sword NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obl _ _ 48 ; ; PUNCT : _ 55 punct _ _ 49 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 55 expl _ _ 50 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 55 aux _ _ 51 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 55 advmod _ _ 52 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 55 nsubj _ _ 53 of of ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 54 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 52 nmod _ _ 55 flee flee VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 40 conj _ _ 56 away away ADV RB _ 55 advmod _ _ 57 , , PUNCT , _ 65 punct _ _ 58 and and CCONJ CC _ 65 cc _ _ 59 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 65 expl _ _ 60 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 65 aux _ _ 61 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 65 advmod _ _ 62 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 65 nsubj _ _ 63 of of ADP IN _ 64 case _ _ 64 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 62 nmod _ _ 65 escape escape VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 55 conj _ _ 66 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=character, act=narrate | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **see** | past | I | the Lord | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **stand** | gerund | the Lord *not said here* | | | the altar | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent beside altar=Location | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | He | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **smite** | infinitive | | the capitals | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus capital=Experiencer | | 5 | **shake** | may | the posts | | | | | | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | | 6 | **break** | infinitive | | posts *= post* | | pieces | | on the head of all | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer they=Patient | | 7 | **slay** | future | I | the residue of posts | | | | with the sword | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent residue=Patient with sword=Instrument | | 8 | **not** **flee away** | shall | one of posts | | | there | | away *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 9 | **not** **escape** | shall | one of posts | | | there | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} רָאִ֨יתִי אֶת־אֲדֹנָ֜י נִצָּ֣ב עַֽל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֗חַ וַיֹּאמֶר֩ הַ֨ךְ הַכַּפְתּ֜וֹר וְיִרְעֲשׁ֣וּ הַסִּפִּ֗ים וּבְצַ֙עַם֙ בְּרֹ֣אשׁ כֻּלָּ֔ם וְאַחֲרִיתָ֖ם בַּחֶ֣רֶב אֶהֱרֹ֑ג לֹֽא־יָנ֤וּס לָהֶם֙ נָ֔ס וְלֹֽא־יִמָּלֵ֥ט לָהֶ֖ם פָּלִֽיט׃ [Amos 9:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.9.1/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:AMO:142` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Amos 8:14 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.141/) - next →: [Amos 9:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.143/) - ↑ back to [Amos 9:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.9.1/)