---
title: Amos 2:13 (JPS 1917) — Behold, I will make it creak under you, as a cart creaketh that is f… · tree and pragmatics
description: Behold, I will make it creak under you, as a cart creaketh that is full of sheaves. Who acts: I, wine, cart. Amos 2:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Amos 2:13 · JPS 1917

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Behold, I will make it creak under you, as a cart creaketh that is full of sheaves.

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**Who acts:** I, wine, cart · **What happens:** make, creak, be · **To what, where:** wine

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This is Amos 2:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, wine, cart), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:AMO:28
# text = Behold, I will make it creak under you, as a cart creaketh that is full of sheaves.
1	Behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	creak	creak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	under	under	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	cart	cart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	creaketh	creak	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
15	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	acl:relcl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	sheaves	sheaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: promise
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | future | I | wine |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **creak** | infinitive | wine *not said here* |  |  |  |  | under you | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under you=Location |
| 3 | **creak** | present | a cart |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | present | a cart |  |  |  |  | of sheaves; full *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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הִנֵּ֛ה אָנֹכִ֥י מֵעִ֖יק תַּחְתֵּיכֶ֑ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר תָּעִיק֙ הָעֲגָלָ֔ה הַֽמְלֵאָ֥ה לָ֖הּ עָמִֽיר׃

[Amos 2:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.2.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:AMO:28` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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