---
title: Amos 2:14 (JPS 1917) — And flight shall fail the swift, and the strong shall not exert his… · tree and pragmatics
description: And flight shall fail the swift, and the strong shall not exert his strength, neither shall the mighty deliver himself; Who acts: flight, strong, mighty. Amos 2:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Amos 2:14 · JPS 1917

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And flight shall fail the swift, and the strong shall not exert his strength, neither shall the mighty deliver himself;

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**Who acts:** flight, strong, mighty · **What happens:** fail, not exert, deliver · **To what, where:** swift, strength, mighty

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This is Amos 2:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (flight, strong, mighty), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:AMO:29
# text = And flight shall fail the swift, and the strong shall not exert his strength, neither shall the mighty deliver himself;
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	flight	flight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	fail	fail	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	swift	swift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	strong	strong	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
11	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	exert	exert	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	strength	strength	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	21	cc	_	_
18	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	mighty	mighty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
21	deliver	deliver	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
22	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	21	obj	_	_
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fail** | shall | flight | the swift |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent swift=Eventuality |
| 2 | **not** **exert** | shall | the strong | strong's strength |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent strength=Theme |
| 3 | **deliver** | shall | the mighty | mighty |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְאָבַ֤ד מָנוֹס֙ מִקָּ֔ל וְחָזָ֖ק לֹא־יְאַמֵּ֣ץ כֹּח֑וֹ וְגִבּ֖וֹר לֹא־יְמַלֵּ֥ט נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃

[Amos 2:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.2.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:AMO:29` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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