---
title: Amos 3:4 (JPS 1917) — Will a young lion give forth his voice out of his den, if he have ta… · tree and pragmatics
description: Will a young lion give forth his voice out of his den, if he have taken nothing? Who acts: young lion, lion. Amos 3:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Amos 3:4 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

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Will a young lion give forth his voice out of his den, if he have taken nothing?

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**Who acts:** young lion, lion · **What happens:** give forth, take · **To what, where:** voice, den, nothing

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This is Amos 3:4 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (young lion, lion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:AMO:36
# text = Will a young lion give forth his voice out of his den, if he have taken nothing?
1	Will	will	AUX	MD	_	5	aux	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	out	out	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	fixed	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	den	den	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Sub|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
18	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	17	obj	_	_
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: yes/no question
- act: ask
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed indirect=0

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give forth** | future | a young lion | lion's voice |  | lion's den |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source voice=Theme |
| 2 | **take** *a condition, not said to happen* | present · perfect | lion | nothing |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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הֲיִשְׁאַ֤ג אַרְיֵה֙ בַּיַּ֔עַר וְטֶ֖רֶף אֵ֣ין ל֑וֹ הֲיִתֵּ֨ן כְּפִ֤יר קוֹלוֹ֙ מִמְּעֹ֣נָת֔וֹ בִּלְתִּ֖י אִם־לָכָֽד׃

[Amos 3:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.3.4/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. [Will a lion roar in the forest, when he hath no prey?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.35/)
2. **Will a young lion give forth his voice out of his den, if he have taken nothing?**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:AMO:36` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Amos 3:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.35/)
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