---
title: Amos 3:9 (JPS 1917) — Proclaim it upon the palaces at Ashdod, and upon the palaces in the… · tree and pragmatics
description: Proclaim it upon the palaces at Ashdod, and upon the palaces in the land of Egypt, and say: 'Assemble yourselves upon the mountains of Samaria, and behold the great confusions therein, and the oppressions in the midst thereof.' Who acts: you. Amos 3:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pra
---

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# Amos 3:9 · JPS 1917

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Proclaim it upon the palaces at Ashdod, and upon the palaces in the land of Egypt, and say: 'Assemble yourselves upon the mountains of Samaria, and behold the great confusions therein, and the oppressions in the midst thereof.'

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**Who acts:** you · **What happens:** proclaim, say, assemble, behold · **To what, where:** counsel, yourselves, great confusions · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Amos 3:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:AMO:44
# text = Proclaim it upon the palaces at Ashdod, and upon the palaces in the land of Egypt, and say: 'Assemble yourselves upon the mountains of Samaria, and behold the great confusions therein, and the oppressions in the midst thereof.'
1	Proclaim	proclaim	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	palaces	palace	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Ashdod	Ashdod	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	palaces	palace	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
21	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
22	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	_
23	Assemble	assemble	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	20	ccomp	_	_
24	yourselves	yourselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	23	obj	_	_
25	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	Samaria	Samaria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	behold	behold	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	23	conj	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
34	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	confusions	confusion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obj	_	_
36	therein	therein	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	oppressions	oppression	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	conj	_	_
41	in	in	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	midst	midst	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	nmod	_	_
44	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	43	advmod	_	_
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
46	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **proclaim** | imperative | you *not said here* | counsel |  |  |  | upon the palaces at Ashdod and the palaces in the land of Egypt | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **assemble** | infinitive |  | yourselves |  |  |  | upon the mountains of Samaria | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent yourselves=Theme |
| 4 | **behold** | infinitive |  | the great confusions and the oppressions in the midst |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer confusion=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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הַשְׁמִ֙יעוּ֙ עַל־אַרְמְנ֣וֹת בְּאַשְׁדּ֔וֹד וְעַֽל־אַרְמְנ֖וֹת בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם וְאִמְר֗וּ הֵאָֽסְפוּ֙ עַל־הָרֵ֣י שֹׁמְר֔וֹן וּרְא֞וּ מְהוּמֹ֤ת רַבּוֹת֙ בְּתוֹכָ֔הּ וַעֲשׁוּקִ֖ים בְּקִרְבָּֽהּ׃

[Amos 3:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.3.9/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:AMO:44` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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