--- title: Amos 3:12 (JPS 1917) — Thus saith the LORD: As the shepherd rescueth out of the mouth of th… · tree and pragmatics description: Thus saith the LORD: As the shepherd rescueth out of the mouth of the lion two legs, or a piece of an ear, so shall the children of Israel that dwell in Samaria escape with the corner of a couch, and the leg of a bed. Who acts: LORD, shepherd, children. Amos 3:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.48/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Amos](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO/3/) / [3:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.3.12/) / JPS 1 # Amos 3:12 · JPS 1917 Thus saith the LORD: As the shepherd rescueth out of the mouth of the lion two legs, or a piece of an ear, so shall the children of Israel that dwell in Samaria escape with the corner of a couch, and the leg of a bed. **Who acts:** LORD, shepherd, children · **What happens:** say, rescue, dwell, escape · **To what, where:** two legs, mouth, Samaria · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Amos 3:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, shepherd, children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:AMO:48 # text = Thus saith the LORD: As the shepherd rescueth out of the mouth of the lion two legs, or a piece of an ear, so shall the children of Israel that dwell in Samaria escape with the corner of a couch, and the leg of a bed. 1 Thus thus ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ 2 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 5 : : PUNCT : _ 37 punct _ _ 6 As as SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 shepherd shepherd NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 9 rescueth rescue VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 advcl _ _ 10 out out ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 11 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 mouth mouth NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 14 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 lion lion NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nmod _ _ 17 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 18 nummod _ _ 18 legs leg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obj _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 20 or or CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 21 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 piece piece NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 conj _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 ear ear NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nmod _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 27 so so ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ _ 28 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 37 aux _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 children child NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 nsubj _ _ 31 of of ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 nmod _ _ 33 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 34 nsubj _ _ 34 dwell dwell VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 acl:relcl _ _ 35 in in ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 Samaria Samaria PROPN NNP Number=Sing 34 obl _ _ 37 escape escape VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 parataxis _ _ 38 with with ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 corner corner NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ _ 41 of of ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 42 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 couch couch NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 nmod _ _ 44 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 45 and and CCONJ CC _ 47 cc _ _ 46 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 leg leg NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 conj _ _ 48 of of ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 49 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 bed bed NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 nmod _ _ 51 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD | | | | | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **rescue** | present | the shepherd | two legs or a piece of a ear | | the mouth of the lion | | | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent leg=Theme out mouth=Source | | 3 | **dwell** | present | the children of Israel | | | Samaria | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in samaria=Location | | 4 | **escape** | shall | the children of Israel | | | | | with the corner of a couch and the leg of a bed | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} כֹּה֮ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָה֒ כַּאֲשֶׁר֩ יַצִּ֨יל הָרֹעֶ֜ה מִפִּ֧י הָאֲרִ֛י שְׁתֵּ֥י כְרָעַ֖יִם א֣וֹ בְדַל־אֹ֑זֶן כֵּ֣ן יִנָּצְל֞וּ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל הַיֹּֽשְׁבִים֙ בְּשֹׁ֣מְר֔וֹן בִּפְאַ֥ת מִטָּ֖ה וּבִדְמֶ֥שֶׁק עָֽרֶשׂ׃ [Amos 3:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.3.12/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:AMO:48` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Amos 3:11 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.47/) - next →: [Amos 3:13 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.49/) - ↑ back to [Amos 3:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.3.12/)