---
title: Amos 1:6 (JPS 1917) — Thus saith the LORD: For three transgressions of Gaza, yea, for four… · tree and pragmatics
description: Thus saith the LORD: For three transgressions of Gaza, yea, for four, I will not reverse it: because they carried away captive a whole captivity, to deliver them up to Edom. Who acts: LORD, I, people, Gaza. Amos 1:6 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Amos 1:6 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thus saith the LORD: For three transgressions of Gaza, yea, for four, I will not reverse it: because they carried away captive a whole captivity, to deliver them up to Edom.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** LORD, I, people, Gaza · **What happens:** say, not reverse, carry away, deliver up, transgress · **To what, where:** sceptre, whole captivity, people, Edom · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Amos 1:6 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, I, people, Gaza), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:AMO:5
# text = Thus saith the LORD: For three transgressions of Gaza, yea, for four, I will not reverse it: because they carried away captive a whole captivity, to deliver them up to Edom.
1	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
6	For	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	transgressions	transgression	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Gaza	Gaza	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	yea	yea	INTJ	UH	_	20	discourse	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	20	obl	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
17	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
18	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
20	reverse	reverse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
23	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
24	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	advcl	_	_
26	away	away	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
27	captive	captive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	xcomp	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	captivity	captivity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	to	to	PART	TO	_	33	mark	_	_
33	deliver	deliver	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	advcl	_	_
34	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	obj	_	_
35	up	up	ADP	RP	_	33	compound:prt	_	_
36	to	to	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	Edom	Edom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: promise
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **reverse** | future | I | sceptre |  |  |  | for three transgressions of Gaza; for four | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 3 | **carry away** | past | people | a whole captivity |  |  |  | away, captive *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent captivity=Theme |
| 4 | **deliver up** | to-infinitive | people *not said here* | people | Edom |  |  |  | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme to edom=Destination |
| 5 | **transgress** |  | Gaza |  |  |  |  |  | nom transgression «act intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה עַל־שְׁלֹשָׁה֙ פִּשְׁעֵ֣י עַזָּ֔ה וְעַל־אַרְבָּעָ֖ה לֹ֣א אֲשִׁיבֶ֑נּוּ עַל־הַגְלוֹתָ֛ם גָּל֥וּת שְׁלֵמָ֖ה לְהַסְגִּ֥יר לֶאֱדֽוֹם׃

[Amos 1:6: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.1.6/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:AMO:5` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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