---
title: Amos 4:7 (JPS 1917) — And I also have withholden the rain from you, when there were yet th… · tree and pragmatics
description: And I also have withholden the rain from you, when there were yet three months to the harvest; and I caused it to rain upon one city, and caused it not to rain upon another city; one piece was rained upon, and the piece whereupon it rained not withered. Who acts: I, three months, rain, it. Amos 4:7 
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.58/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Amos](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO/4/) / [4:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.4.7/) / JPS 1

# Amos 4:7 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And I also have withholden the rain from you, when there were yet three months to the harvest; and I caused it to rain upon one city, and caused it not to rain upon another city; one piece was rained upon, and the piece whereupon it rained not withered.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, three months, rain, it · **What happens:** withholden, be, cause, rain, not rain, not wither · **To what, where:** rain, one piece, piece

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Amos 4:7 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, three months, rain, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:AMO:58
# text = And I also have withholden the rain from you, when there were yet three months to the harvest; and I caused it to rain upon one city, and caused it not to rain upon another city; one piece was rained upon, and the piece whereupon it rained not withered.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	withholden	withholden	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	13	mark	_	_
12	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	13	expl	_	_
13	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
14	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	months	month	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	harvest	harvest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obj	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
26	rain	rain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	xcomp	_	_
27	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	29	nummod	_	_
29	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	conj	_	_
33	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	obj	_	_
34	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	36	advmod	_	_
35	to	to	PART	TO	_	36	mark	_	_
36	rain	rain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	xcomp	_	_
37	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	39	det	_	_
39	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	_
40	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	44	punct	_	_
41	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	42	nummod	_	_
42	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	nsubj:pass	_	_
43	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	44	aux:pass	_	_
44	rained	rain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	parataxis	_	_
45	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	44	obl	_	_
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	54	punct	_	_
47	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	54	cc	_	_
48	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
49	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	54	nsubj:pass	_	_
50	whereupon	whereupon	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	52	advmod	_	_
51	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	52	nsubj	_	_
52	rained	rain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	49	acl:relcl	_	_
53	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	54	advmod	_	_
54	withered	wither	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	44	conj	_	_
55	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **withholden** | present · perfect | I | the rain |  |  |  | from you | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** | past | three months |  |  | there |  | to the harvest | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **cause** | past | I | rain |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **rain** | to-infinitive | rain *not said here* |  |  |  |  | upon one city | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |
| 5 | **cause** | past | I *not said here* | rain |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **not** **rain** | to-infinitive | rain *not said here* |  |  |  |  | upon another city | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |
| 7 | **rain** | past · passive |  | one piece |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **rain** | past | it |  |  |  |  | whereupon *property* | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |
| 9 | **not** **wither** | participle · passive |  | the piece |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְגַ֣ם אָנֹכִי֩ מָנַ֨עְתִּי מִכֶּ֜ם אֶת־הַגֶּ֗שֶׁם בְּע֨וֹד שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה חֳדָשִׁים֙ לַקָּצִ֔יר וְהִמְטַרְתִּי֙ עַל־עִ֣יר אֶחָ֔ת וְעַל־עִ֥יר אַחַ֖ת לֹ֣א אַמְטִ֑יר חֶלְקָ֤ה אַחַת֙ תִּמָּטֵ֔ר וְחֶלְקָ֛ה אֲשֶֽׁר־לֹֽא־תַמְטִ֥יר עָלֶ֖יהָ תִּיבָֽשׁ׃

[Amos 4:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.4.7/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:AMO:58` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Amos 4:6 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.57/)
- next →: [Amos 4:8 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.59/)
- ↑ back to [Amos 4:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.4.7/)