--- title: Amos 4:11 (JPS 1917) — I have overthrown some of you, as God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah,… · tree and pragmatics description: I have overthrown some of you, as God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah, and ye were as a brand plucked out of the burning; yet have ye not returned unto Me, saith the LORD. Who acts: I, God, ye, LORD. Amos 4:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.62/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Amos](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO/4/) / [4:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.4.11/) / JPS 1 # Amos 4:11 · JPS 1917 I have overthrown some of you, as God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah, and ye were as a brand plucked out of the burning; yet have ye not returned unto Me, saith the LORD. **Who acts:** I, God, ye, LORD · **What happens:** overthrow, pluck out, not return, say · **To what, where:** some, Sodom, ye · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Amos 4:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, God, ye, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:AMO:62 # text = I have overthrown some of you, as God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah, and ye were as a brand plucked out of the burning; yet have ye not returned unto Me, saith the LORD. 1 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 overthrown overthrow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 4 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 3 obj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 4 nmod _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 8 as as SCONJ IN _ 10 mark _ _ 9 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 10 overthrew overthrow VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 11 Sodom Sodom PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 Gomorrah Gomorrah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 conj _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 16 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 21 nsubj:pass _ _ 17 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 aux:pass _ _ 18 as as ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 brand brand NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 21 plucked pluck VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 conj _ _ 22 out out ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 burning burning NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nmod _ _ 26 ; ; PUNCT : _ 31 punct _ _ 27 yet yet CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 28 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 aux _ _ 29 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 31 nsubj _ _ 30 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 31 advmod _ _ 31 returned return VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 conj _ _ 32 unto unto ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 Me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 31 obl _ _ 34 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 35 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **overthrow** | present · perfect | I | some | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **overthrow** | past | God | Sodom and Gomorrah | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **pluck out** | past · passive | | ye | | | | as a brand out the burning | vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 4 | **not** **return** | present · perfect | ye | | | | | unto Me | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} הָפַ֣כְתִּי בָכֶ֗ם כְּמַהְפֵּכַ֤ת אֱלֹהִים֙ אֶת־סְדֹ֣ם וְאֶת־עֲמֹרָ֔ה וַתִּהְי֕וּ כְּא֖וּד מֻצָּ֣ל מִשְׂרֵפָ֑הוְלֹֽא־שַׁבְתֶּ֥ם עָדַ֖י נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃ס [Amos 4:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.4.11/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:AMO:62` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Amos 4:10 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.61/) - next →: [Amos 4:12 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.63/) - ↑ back to [Amos 4:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.4.11/)