--- title: Amos 5:20 (JPS 1917) — Shall not the day of the LORD be darkness, and not light? · tree and pragmatics description: Shall not the day of the LORD be darkness, and not light? Who acts: day. Amos 5:20 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.86/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Amos](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO/) / [chapter 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO/5/) / [5:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.5.20/) / JPS 1 # Amos 5:20 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 Shall not the day of the LORD be darkness, and not light? **Who acts:** day · **What happens:** not be · **To what, where:** darkness This is Amos 5:20 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (day), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:AMO:86 # text = Shall not the day of the LORD be darkness, and not light? 1 Shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 2 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 9 advmod _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 8 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 9 cop _ _ 9 darkness darkness NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 12 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 13 advmod _ _ 13 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 conj _ _ 14 ? ? PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: evaluate - voice: character - polarity: none - indirect: yes - teacher: changed act=evaluate, indirect=1, voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **is a** | shall | the day of the LORD | darkness and light | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} הֲלֹא־חֹ֛שֶׁךְ י֥וֹם יְהוָ֖ה וְלֹא־א֑וֹר וְאָפֵ֖ל וְלֹא־נֹ֥גַֽהּ לֽוֹ׃ [Amos 5:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.5.20/) This verse in JPS 1917: 1. **Shall not the day of the LORD be darkness, and not light?** 2. [Even very dark, and no brightness in it?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.87/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:AMO:86` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Amos 5:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.85/) - next →: [Amos 5:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.87/) - ↑ back to [Amos 5:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.5.20/)