---
title: Ezekiel 1:1 (JPS 1917) — NOW IT came to pass in the thirtieth year, in the fourth month, in t… · tree and pragmatics
description: NOW IT came to pass in the thirtieth year, in the fourth month, in the fifth day of the month, as I was among the captives by the river Chebar that the heavens were opened, and I saw visions of God. Who acts: I. Ezekiel 1:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ezekiel 1:1 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
NOW IT came to pass in the thirtieth year, in the fourth month, in the fifth day of the month, as I was among the captives by the river Chebar that the heavens were opened, and I saw visions of God.

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**Who acts:** I · **What happens:** come, pass, be, open, see · **To what, where:** IT, heavens, visions

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Ezekiel 1:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:0
# text = NOW IT came to pass in the thirtieth year, in the fourth month, in the fifth day of the month, as I was among the captives by the river Chebar that the heavens were opened, and I saw visions of God.
1	NOW	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	IT	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	expl	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	thirtieth	thirtieth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	fourth	fourth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	14	amod	_	_
14	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	fifth	fifth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
24	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
25	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
26	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	cop	_	_
27	among	among	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	captives	captive	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	advcl	_	_
30	by	by	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	compound	_	_
33	Chebar	Chebar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
34	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	38	mark	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	heavens	heaven	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	nsubj:pass	_	_
37	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	38	aux:pass	_	_
38	opened	open	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	ccomp	_	_
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
41	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	42	nsubj	_	_
42	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	38	conj	_	_
43	visions	vision	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	obj	_	_
44	of	of	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
45	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	43	nmod	_	_
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past |  | IT |  |  | now; day; month; year |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past | I |  |  |  |  | among the captives; by river Chebar | tree rules |
| 4 | **open** | past · passive |  | the heavens |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 5 | **see** | past | I | visions of God |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer vision=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְהִ֣י ׀ בִּשְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֗ה בָּֽרְבִיעִי֙ בַּחֲמִשָּׁ֣ה לַחֹ֔דֶשׁ וַאֲנִ֥י בְתֽוֹךְ־הַגּוֹלָ֖ה עַל־נְהַר־כְּבָ֑ר נִפְתְּחוּ֙ הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וָאֶרְאֶ֖ה מַרְא֥וֹת אֱלֹהִֽים׃

[Ezekiel 1:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.1.1/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:0` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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