---
title: Ezekiel 38:17 (JPS 1917) — Thus saith the Lord GOD: Art thou he of whom I spoke in old time by… · tree and pragmatics
description: Thus saith the Lord GOD: Art thou he of whom I spoke in old time by My servants the prophets of Israel, that prophesied in those days for many years, that I would bring thee against them? Who acts: Lord GOD, thou, I, prophets. Ezekiel 38:17 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of 
---

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# Ezekiel 38:17 · JPS 1917

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Thus saith the Lord GOD: Art thou he of whom I spoke in old time by My servants the prophets of Israel, that prophesied in those days for many years, that I would bring thee against them?

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**Who acts:** Lord GOD, thou, I, prophets · **What happens:** say, be, speak, prophesy, bring · **To what, where:** Gog, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Ezekiel 38:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lord GOD, thou, I, prophets), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:1012
# text = Thus saith the Lord GOD: Art thou he of whom I spoke in old time by My servants the prophets of Israel, that prophesied in those days for many years, that I would bring thee against them?
1	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	GOD	GOD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
7	Art	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	nsubj	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	parataxis	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	13	obl	_	_
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	by	by	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	appos	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
26	prophesied	prophesy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	acl:relcl	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	29	det	_	_
29	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obl	_	_
30	for	for	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obl	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
34	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	37	mark	_	_
35	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj	_	_
36	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	37	aux	_	_
37	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	ccomp	_	_
38	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	37	obj	_	_
39	against	against	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	obl	_	_
41	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: yes/no question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=ask

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the Lord GOD |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | thou | Gog |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | I |  |  |  | time | by My servants | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **prophesy** | past | the prophets of Israel |  |  |  | day; year |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 5 | **bring** | would | I | thee |  |  |  | against prophets *= prophet* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent thou=Theme against they=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֗ה הַֽאַתָּה־ה֨וּא אֲשֶׁר־דִּבַּ֜רְתִּי בְּיָמִ֣ים קַדְמוֹנִ֗ים בְּיַד֙ עֲבָדַי֙ נְבִיאֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הַֽנִּבְּאִ֛ים בַּיָּמִ֥ים הָהֵ֖ם שָׁנִ֑ים לְהָבִ֥יא אֹתְךָ֖ עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃ס

[Ezekiel 38:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.38.17/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:1012` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ↑ back to [Ezekiel 38:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.38.17/)