---
title: Ezekiel 1:15 (JPS 1917) — Now as I beheld the living creatures, behold one wheel at the bottom… · tree and pragmatics
description: Now as I beheld the living creatures, behold one wheel at the bottom hard by the living creatures, at the four faces thereof. Who acts: I, you. Ezekiel 1:15 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ezekiel 1:15 · JPS 1917

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Now as I beheld the living creatures, behold one wheel at the bottom hard by the living creatures, at the four faces thereof.

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**Who acts:** I, you · **What happens:** behold · **To what, where:** living creatures, one wheel, bottom

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This is Ezekiel 1:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:15
# text = Now as I beheld the living creatures, behold one wheel at the bottom hard by the living creatures, at the four faces thereof.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	9	advmod	_	_
2	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	beheld	behold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	living	live	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	creatures	creature	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
9	behold	behold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	wheel	wheel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
15	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	_
16	by	by	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	living	live	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	creatures	creature	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	at	at	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	24	nummod	_	_
24	faces	face	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
25	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **behold** | past | I | the living creatures |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer creature=Stimulus |
| 2 | **behold** | imperative | you *not said here* | one wheel |  | the bottom | now | at the four faces; hard *property* | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer wheel=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וָאֵ֖רֶא הַחַיּ֑וֹת וְהִנֵּה֩ אוֹפַ֨ן אֶחָ֥ד בָּאָ֛רֶץ אֵ֥צֶל הַחַיּ֖וֹת לְאַרְבַּ֥עַת פָּנָֽיו׃

[Ezekiel 1:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.1.15/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:15` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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