---
title: Ezekiel 1:18 (JPS 1917) — As for their rings, they were high and they were dreadful; and they… · tree and pragmatics
description: As for their rings, they were high and they were dreadful; and they four had their rings full of eyes round about. Who acts: creatures. Ezekiel 1:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ezekiel 1:18 · JPS 1917

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As for their rings, they were high and they were dreadful; and they four had their rings full of eyes round about.

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**Who acts:** creatures · **What happens:** be, have · **To what, where:** rings

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This is Ezekiel 1:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (creatures), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:18
# text = As for their rings, they were high and they were dreadful; and they four had their rings full of eyes round about.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	4	case	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	1	fixed	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	rings	ring	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	dreadful	dreadful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	appos	_	_
17	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
18	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	rings	ring	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
20	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	_
23	round	round	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
24	about	about	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | creatures *= creature* |  |  |  |  | as creatures's rings; high *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | creatures *= creature* |  |  |  |  | dreadful *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **have** | past | creatures *= creature* | creatures's rings |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ring=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְגַ֨בֵּיהֶ֔ן וְגֹ֥בַהּ לָהֶ֖ם וְיִרְאָ֣ה לָהֶ֑ם וְגַבֹּתָ֗ם מְלֵאֹ֥ת עֵינַ֛יִם סָבִ֖יב לְאַרְבַּעְתָּֽן׃

[Ezekiel 1:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.1.18/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:18` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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