--- title: Ezekiel 12:20 (JPS 1917) — And the cities that are inhabited shall be laid waste, and the land… · tree and pragmatics description: And the cities that are inhabited shall be laid waste, and the land shall be desolate; and ye shall know that I am the LORD.' Who acts: land, ye, I. Ezekiel 12:20 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.247/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/12/) / [12:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.12.20/) / JPS 1 # Ezekiel 12:20 · JPS 1917 And the cities that are inhabited shall be laid waste, and the land shall be desolate; and ye shall know that I am the LORD.' **Who acts:** land, ye, I · **What happens:** inhabit, lay, be, know · **To what, where:** cities, LORD · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Ezekiel 12:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (land, ye, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EZK:247 # text = And the cities that are inhabited shall be laid waste, and the land shall be desolate; and ye shall know that I am the LORD.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 cities city NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj:pass _ _ 4 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 6 nsubj:pass _ _ 5 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux:pass _ _ 6 inhabited inhabit VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 acl:relcl _ _ 7 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 8 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 9 aux:pass _ _ 9 laid lay VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 10 waste waste NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 xcomp _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _ 15 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 16 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 17 cop _ _ 17 desolate desolate ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 conj _ _ 18 ; ; PUNCT : _ 22 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 20 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 22 nsubj _ _ 21 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 22 know know VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 conj _ _ 23 that that SCONJ IN _ 27 mark _ _ 24 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 25 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 cop _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 ccomp _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ 29 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **inhabit** | present · passive | | the cities | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **lay** | shall · passive | | the cities | | | | | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result | | 3 | **is** | shall | the land | | | | | desolate *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **know** | shall | ye | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 5 | **is a** | present | I | the LORD | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְהֶעָרִ֤ים הַנּֽוֹשָׁבוֹת֙ תֶּחֱרַ֔בְנָה וְהָאָ֖רֶץ שְׁמָמָ֣ה תִֽהְיֶ֑ה וִֽידַעְתֶּ֖ם כִּֽי־אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃פ [Ezekiel 12:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.12.20/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:247` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 12:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.246/) - next →: [Ezekiel 12:21 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.248/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 12:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.12.20/)