---
title: Ezekiel 13:20 (JPS 1917) — Wherefore thus saith the Lord GOD: Behold, I am against your cushion… · tree and pragmatics
description: Wherefore thus saith the Lord GOD: Behold, I am against your cushions, wherewith ye hunt the souls as birds, and I will tear them from your arms; and I will let the souls go, even the souls that ye hunt as birds. Who acts: Lord GOD, I, ye, souls. Ezekiel 13:20 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree an
---

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# Ezekiel 13:20 · JPS 1917

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Wherefore thus saith the Lord GOD: Behold, I am against your cushions, wherewith ye hunt the souls as birds, and I will tear them from your arms; and I will let the souls go, even the souls that ye hunt as birds.

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**Who acts:** Lord GOD, I, ye, souls · **What happens:** say, be, hunt, tear, let, go · **To what, where:** souls · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Ezekiel 13:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lord GOD, I, ye, souls), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:276
# text = Wherefore thus saith the Lord GOD: Behold, I am against your cushions, wherewith ye hunt the souls as birds, and I will tear them from your arms; and I will let the souls go, even the souls that ye hunt as birds.
1	Wherefore	wherefore	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	GOD	GOD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
8	Behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	14	discourse	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
10	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
11	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
12	against	against	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	cushions	cushion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	ccomp	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	wherewith	wherewith	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	18	advmod	_	_
17	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	18	nsubj	_	_
18	hunt	hunt	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	souls	soul	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	_
21	as	as	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
25	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
26	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
27	tear	tear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	conj	_	_
28	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	obj	_	_
29	from	from	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obl	_	_
32	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	36	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
34	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	36	nsubj	_	_
35	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
36	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	conj	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	souls	soul	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	obj	_	_
39	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	36	xcomp	_	_
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
41	even	even	ADV	RB	_	43	advmod	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	souls	soul	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	appos	_	_
44	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	46	obj	_	_
45	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	46	nsubj	_	_
46	hunt	hunt	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	43	acl:relcl	_	_
47	as	as	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
48	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	46	obl	_	_
49	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: warn
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=warn

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the Lord GOD |  |  |  |  | thus, wherefore *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | I |  |  |  |  | against your cushions | tree rules |
| 3 | **hunt** | present | ye | the souls |  |  |  | as birds; wherewith *property* | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soul=Theme |
| 4 | **tear** | future | I | souls *= soul* |  |  |  | from your arms | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent they=Patient from arm=Co-Patient |
| 5 | **let** | future | I | the souls |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **go** | infinitive | the souls *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **hunt** | present | ye | the souls |  |  |  | as birds | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
לָכֵ֞ן כֹּה־אָמַ֣ר ׀ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֗ה הִנְנִ֤י אֶל־כִּסְּתוֹתֵיכֶ֙נָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אַ֠תֵּנָה מְצֹדְד֨וֹת שָׁ֤ם אֶת־הַנְּפָשׁוֹת֙ לְפֹ֣רְח֔וֹת וְקָרַעְתִּ֣י אֹתָ֔ם מֵעַ֖ל זְרוֹעֹֽתֵיכֶ֑ם וְשִׁלַּחְתִּי֙ אֶת־הַנְּפָשׁ֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר אַתֶּ֛ם מְצֹדְד֥וֹת אֶת־נְפָשִׁ֖ים לְפֹרְחֹֽת׃

[Ezekiel 13:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.13.20/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:276` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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