--- title: Ezekiel 16:8 (JPS 1917) — Now when I passed by thee, and looked upon thee, and, behold, thy ti… · tree and pragmatics description: Now when I passed by thee, and looked upon thee, and, behold, thy time was the time of love, I spread my skirt over thee, and covered thy nakedness; yea, I swore unto thee, and entered into a covenant with thee, saith the Lord GOD, and thou becamest Mine. Who acts: I, time, Lord GOD, thou. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, time, Lord GOD, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EZK:319 # text = Now when I passed by thee, and looked upon thee, and, behold, thy time was the time of love, I spread my skirt over thee, and covered thy nakedness; yea, I swore unto thee, and entered into a covenant with thee, saith the Lord GOD, and thou becamest Mine. 1 Now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 26 advmod _ _ 2 when when SCONJ WRB _ 4 mark _ _ 3 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 4 passed pass VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 26 advcl _ _ 5 by by ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 4 obl _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 9 looked look VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 10 upon upon ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 9 obl _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 behold behold INTJ UH _ 21 discourse _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 17 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 18 nmod:poss _ _ 18 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 19 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 cop _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 conj _ _ 22 of of ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 love love NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 25 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ _ 26 spread spread VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 27 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ _ 28 skirt skirt NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ _ 29 over over ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 26 obl _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 covered cover VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 26 conj _ _ 34 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 35 nmod:poss _ _ 35 nakedness nakedness NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obj _ _ 36 ; ; PUNCT : _ 40 punct _ _ 37 yea yea INTJ UH _ 40 discourse _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 39 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 40 nsubj _ _ 40 swore swear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 26 parataxis _ _ 41 unto unto ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 42 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 40 obl _ _ 43 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 44 and and CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 45 entered enter VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 40 conj _ _ 46 into into ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 47 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 48 det _ _ 48 covenant covenant NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 obl _ _ 49 with with ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 50 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 48 nmod _ _ 51 , , PUNCT , _ 52 punct _ _ 52 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 parataxis _ _ 53 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 55 det _ _ 54 Lord Lord PROPN NNP Number=Sing 55 compound _ _ 55 GOD GOD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 52 nsubj _ _ 56 , , PUNCT , _ 59 punct _ _ 57 and and CCONJ CC _ 59 cc _ _ 58 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 59 nsubj _ _ 59 becamest become VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 26 conj _ _ 60 Mine my PRON PRP Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 59 xcomp _ _ 61 . . PUNCT . _ 26 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **pass** | past | I | | | | | by thee | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by thou=Location | | 2 | **look** | past | I *not said here* | | | | | upon thee | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent upon thou=Theme | | 3 | **is a** | past | thy time | the time | | | | of love | tree rules | | 4 | **spread** | past | I | my skirt | | thee | now | | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent skirt=Theme over thou=Destination | | 5 | **cover** | past | I *not said here* | thy nakedness | | | | | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme nakedness=Destination | | 6 | **swear** | past | I | | | | | unto thee | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **enter** | past | I *not said here* | | | a covenant with thee | | | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into covenant=Initial\_Location | | 8 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the Lord GOD | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 9 | **become** | past | thou | | | | | | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וָאֶעֱבֹ֨ר עָלַ֜יִךְ וָאֶרְאֵ֗ךְ וְהִנֵּ֤ה עִתֵּךְ֙ עֵ֣ת דֹּדִ֔ים וָאֶפְרֹ֤שׂ כְּנָפִי֙ עָלַ֔יִךְ וָאֲכַסֶּ֖ה עֶרְוָתֵ֑ךְ וָאֶשָּׁ֣בַֽע לָ֠ךְ וָאָב֨וֹא בִבְרִ֜ית אֹתָ֗ךְ נְאֻ֛ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִ֖ה וַתִּ֥הְיִי לִֽי׃ [Ezekiel 16:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.16.8/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:319` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 16:7 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.318/) - next →: [Ezekiel 16:9 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.320/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 16:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.16.8/)