---
title: Ezekiel 16:31 (JPS 1917) — in that thou buildest thine eminent place in the head of every way,… · tree and pragmatics
description: in that thou buildest thine eminent place in the head of every way, and makest thy lofty place in every street; and hast not been as a harlot that enhanceth her hire. Who acts: thou, harlot. Ezekiel 16:31 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ezekiel 16:31 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
in that thou buildest thine eminent place in the head of every way, and makest thy lofty place in every street; and hast not been as a harlot that enhanceth her hire.

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**Who acts:** thou, harlot · **What happens:** build, make, not be, enhance · **To what, where:** eminent place, head, lofty place, street, hire

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This is Ezekiel 16:31 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, harlot), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:343
# text = in that thou buildest thine eminent place in the head of every way, and makest thy lofty place in every street; and hast not been as a harlot that enhanceth her hire.
1	in	in	ADP	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	4	mark	_	_
2	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	1	fixed	_	_
3	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nsubj	_	_
4	buildest	build	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	thine	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	eminent	eminent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	det	_	_
13	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	makest	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
17	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	19	nmod:poss	_	_
18	lofty	lofty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	22	det	_	_
22	street	street	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
25	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
26	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	30	advmod	_	_
27	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	30	cop	_	_
28	as	as	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	harlot	harlot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
31	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	32	nsubj	_	_
32	enhanceth	enhance	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	acl:relcl	_	_
33	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	hire	hire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | present | thou | thine eminent place |  | the head of every way |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset place=Product |
| 2 | **make** | present | thou *not said here* | thy lofty place |  | every street |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset place=Product |
| 3 | **not** **is** | present · perfect | thou *not said here* |  |  |  |  | as a harlot | tree rules |
| 4 | **enhance** | present | a harlot | heart's hire |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent hire=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
בִּבְנוֹתַ֤יִךְ גַּבֵּךְ֙ בְּרֹ֣אשׁ כָּל־דֶּ֔רֶךְ וְרָמָתֵ֥ךְ עָשִׂ֖ית בְּכָל־רְח֑וֹב וְלֹא־הָיִ֥ית כַּזּוֹנָ֖ה לְקַלֵּ֥ס אֶתְנָֽן׃

[Ezekiel 16:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.16.31/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:343` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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