--- title: Ezekiel 16:37 (JPS 1917) — therefore behold, I will gather all thy lovers, unto whom thou hast… · tree and pragmatics description: therefore behold, I will gather all thy lovers, unto whom thou hast been pleasant, and all them that thou hast loved, with all them that thou hast hated; I will even gather them against thee from every side, and will uncover thy nakedness unto them, that they may see all thy nakedness. Who acts: I, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.349/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/16/) / [16:37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.16.37/) / JPS 1 # Ezekiel 16:37 · JPS 1917 therefore behold, I will gather all thy lovers, unto whom thou hast been pleasant, and all them that thou hast loved, with all them that thou hast hated; I will even gather them against thee from every side, and will uncover thy nakedness unto them, that they may see all thy nakedness. **Who acts:** I, thou, lovers · **What happens:** gather, be, love, hate, uncover, see · **To what, where:** lovers, side, nakedness This is Ezekiel 16:37 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, thou, lovers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EZK:349 # text = therefore behold, I will gather all thy lovers, unto whom thou hast been pleasant, and all them that thou hast loved, with all them that thou hast hated; I will even gather them against thee from every side, and will uncover thy nakedness unto them, that they may see all thy nakedness. 1 therefore therefore ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 2 behold behold INTJ UH _ 6 discourse _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 4 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ _ 5 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _ 6 gather gather VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 7 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 9 det:predet _ _ 8 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 9 nmod:poss _ _ 9 lovers lover NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obj _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 11 unto unto ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 whom whom PRON WP PronType=Rel 16 obl _ _ 13 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 16 nsubj _ _ 14 hast have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 aux _ _ 15 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 16 cop _ _ 16 pleasant pleasant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 acl:relcl _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 19 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 20 det:predet _ _ 20 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 conj _ _ 21 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 24 obj _ _ 22 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 24 nsubj _ _ 23 hast have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 aux _ _ 24 loved love VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 20 acl:relcl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 26 with with ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 28 det:predet _ _ 28 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 obl _ _ 29 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 32 obj _ _ 30 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 32 nsubj _ _ 31 hast have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 aux _ _ 32 hated hate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 28 acl:relcl _ _ 33 ; ; PUNCT : _ 37 punct _ _ 34 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 37 nsubj _ _ 35 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 37 aux _ _ 36 even even ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ _ 37 gather gather VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 parataxis _ _ 38 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 obj _ _ 39 against against ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 40 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 37 obl _ _ 41 from from ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 42 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 43 det _ _ 43 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ _ 44 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 45 and and CCONJ CC _ 47 cc _ _ 46 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 47 aux _ _ 47 uncover uncover VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 37 conj _ _ 48 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 49 nmod:poss _ _ 49 nakedness nakedness NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 obj _ _ 50 unto unto ADP IN _ 51 case _ _ 51 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 47 obl _ _ 52 , , PUNCT , _ 56 punct _ _ 53 that that SCONJ IN _ 56 mark _ _ 54 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 56 nsubj _ _ 55 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 56 aux _ _ 56 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 47 advcl _ _ 57 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 59 det:predet _ _ 58 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 59 nmod:poss _ _ 59 nakedness nakedness NOUN NN Number=Sing 56 obj _ _ 60 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: promise - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **gather** | future | I | thy lovers | | | | therefore *property* | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lover=Theme | | 2 | **is** | present · perfect | thou | | | | | unto thy lovers; pleasant *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **love** | present · perfect | thou | | | | | with lovers *= lover* | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus | | 4 | **hate** | present · perfect | thou | | | | | | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus | | 5 | **gather** | future | I | lovers *= lover* | | every side | | against thee | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent they=Theme from side=Source | | 6 | **uncover** | future | I *not said here* | thy nakedness | | | | unto lovers *= lover* | tree rules | | 7 | **see** | may | lovers *= lover* | thy nakedness | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer nakedness=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} לָ֠כֵן הִנְנִ֨י מְקַבֵּ֤ץ אֶת־כָּל־מְאַהֲבַ֙יִךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָרַ֣בְתְּ עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם וְאֵת֙ כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָהַ֔בְתְּ עַ֖ל כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר שָׂנֵ֑את וְקִבַּצְתִּי֩ אֹתָ֨ם עָלַ֜יִךְ מִסָּבִ֗יב וְגִלֵּיתִ֤י עֶרְוָתֵךְ֙ אֲלֵהֶ֔ם וְרָא֖וּ אֶת־כָּל־עֶרְוָתֵֽךְ׃ [Ezekiel 16:37: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.16.37/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:349` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 16:36 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.348/) - next →: [Ezekiel 16:38 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.350/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 16:37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.16.37/)