---
title: Ezekiel 16:44 (JPS 1917) — Behold, every one that useth proverbs shall use this proverb against… · tree and pragmatics
description: Behold, every one that useth proverbs shall use this proverb against thee, saying: As the mother, so her daughter. Who acts: one. Ezekiel 16:44 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ezekiel 16:44 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Behold, every one that useth proverbs shall use this proverb against thee, saying: As the mother, so her daughter.

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**Who acts:** one · **What happens:** use, say · **To what, where:** proverbs, proverb · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Ezekiel 16:44 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:356
# text = Behold, every one that useth proverbs shall use this proverb against thee, saying: As the mother, so her daughter.
1	Behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	9	discourse	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	useth	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	proverbs	proverb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	11	det	_	_
11	proverb	proverb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	against	against	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	obl	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
17	As	as	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	so	so	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
22	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	parataxis	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: warn
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character, act=warn

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | every one | proverbs |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent proverb=Patient |
| 2 | **use** | shall | every one | this proverb |  |  |  | against thee | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent proverb=Patient |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | every one *not said here* |  |  |  |  | as the mother | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
הִנֵּה֙ כָּל־הַמֹּשֵׁ֔ל עָלַ֥יִךְ יִמְשֹׁ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר כְּאִמָּ֖ה בִּתָּֽהּ׃

[Ezekiel 16:44: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.16.44/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:356` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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