---
title: Ezekiel 18:4 (JPS 1917) — Behold, all souls are Mine; as the soul of the father, so also the s… · tree and pragmatics
description: Behold, all souls are Mine; as the soul of the father, so also the soul of the son is Mine; the soul that sinneth, it shall die. Who acts: souls, soul. Ezekiel 18:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ezekiel 18:4 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Behold, all souls are Mine; as the soul of the father, so also the soul of the son is Mine; the soul that sinneth, it shall die.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** souls, soul · **What happens:** be, sin, die · **To what, where:** Mine

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Ezekiel 18:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (souls, soul), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:406
# text = Behold, all souls are Mine; as the soul of the father, so also the soul of the son is Mine; the soul that sinneth, it shall die.
1	Behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	6	discourse	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	souls	soul	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	Mine	mine	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	0	root	_	_
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	soul	soul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
15	so	so	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
16	also	also	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	soul	soul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
23	Mine	mine	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	parataxis	_	_
24	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	soul	soul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	_
27	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	28	nsubj	_	_
28	sinneth	sin	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	acl:relcl	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
30	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
31	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
32	die	die	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	parataxis	_	_
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: express
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | all souls | Mine |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the soul of the son | Mine |  |  |  | as the soul of the father | tree rules |
| 3 | **sin** | present | the soul |  |  |  |  |  | vn rebel-71.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **die** | shall | the soul |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
הֵ֤ן כָּל־הַנְּפָשׁוֹת֙ לִ֣י הֵ֔נָּה כְּנֶ֧פֶשׁ הָאָ֛ב וּכְנֶ֥פֶשׁ הַבֵּ֖ן לִי־הֵ֑נָּה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַחֹטֵ֖את הִ֥יא תָמֽוּת׃ס

[Ezekiel 18:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:406` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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