--- title: Ezekiel 18:16 (JPS 1917) — neither hath wronged any, hath not taken aught to pledge, neither ha… · tree and pragmatics description: neither hath wronged any, hath not taken aught to pledge, neither hath taken by robbery, but hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment, Ezekiel 18:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.418/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/18/) / [18:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.16/) / JPS 1 # Ezekiel 18:16 · JPS 1917 neither hath wronged any, hath not taken aught to pledge, neither hath taken by robbery, but hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment, **What happens:** wrong, not take, pledge, take, give, cover · **To what, where:** any, aught, bread, hungry, naked This is Ezekiel 18:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EZK:418 # text = neither hath wronged any, hath not taken aught to pledge, neither hath taken by robbery, but hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment, 1 neither neither CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 3 cc:preconj _ _ 2 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 wronged wrong VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 4 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 3 obj _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 6 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux _ _ 7 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 8 advmod _ _ 8 taken take VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 conj _ _ 9 aught aught NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 10 to to PART TO _ 11 mark _ _ 11 pledge pledge VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 advcl _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 13 neither neither CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 15 cc:preconj _ _ 14 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux _ _ 15 taken take VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 conj _ _ 16 by by ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 robbery robbery NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 19 but but CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 20 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ _ 21 given give VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 15 conj _ _ 22 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ _ 23 bread bread NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ _ 24 to to ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 hungry hungry NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 29 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 30 covered cover VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 21 conj _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 naked naked NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obj _ _ 33 with with ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 garment garment NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 36 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: changed voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **wrong** | present · perfect | | any | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **not** **take** | present · perfect | | aught | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent aught=Theme | | 3 | **pledge** | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **take** | present · perfect | | | | | | by robbery | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **give** | present · perfect | | man's bread | the hungry | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent bread=Theme to hungry=Recipient | | 6 | **cover** | present · perfect | | the naked | | | | with a garment | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent naked=Destination with garment=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְאִישׁ֙ לֹ֣א הוֹנָ֔ה חֲבֹל֙ לֹ֣א חָבָ֔ל וּגְזֵלָ֖ה לֹ֣א גָזָ֑ל לַחְמוֹ֙ לְרָעֵ֣ב נָתָ֔ן וְעֵר֖וֹם כִּסָּה־בָֽגֶד׃ [Ezekiel 18:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.16/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:418` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 18:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.417/) - next →: [Ezekiel 18:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.419/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 18:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.16/)