---
title: Ezekiel 18:23 (JPS 1917) — Have I any pleasure at all that the wicked should die? saith the Lor… · tree and pragmatics
description: Have I any pleasure at all that the wicked should die? saith the Lord GOD; and not rather that he should return from his ways, and live? Who acts: wicked, Lord GOD, GOD. Ezekiel 18:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ezekiel 18:23 · JPS 1917

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Have I any pleasure at all that the wicked should die? saith the Lord GOD; and not rather that he should return from his ways, and live?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** wicked, Lord GOD, GOD · **What happens:** die, say, not return, live · **To what, where:** pleasure, ways · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Ezekiel 18:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wicked, Lord GOD, GOD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:426
# text = Have I any pleasure at all that the wicked should die? saith the Lord GOD; and not rather that he should return from his ways, and live?
1	Have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	1	nsubj	_	_
3	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	4	det	_	_
4	pleasure	pleasure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	all	all	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	wicked	wicked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	nsubj	_	_
10	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	die	die	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
13	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	GOD	GOD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
19	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
20	rather	rather	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
21	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	20	fixed	_	_
22	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	_
25	from	from	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obl	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	live	live	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	conj	_	_
31	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: yes/no question
- act: ask
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- indirect: yes
- teacher: changed form=q, act=ask, indirect=1

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **die** | should | the wicked | any pleasure *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the Lord GOD |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **return** | should | GOD |  |  | GOD's ways |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from way=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **live** | infinitive | GOD *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
הֶחָפֹ֤ץ אֶחְפֹּץ֙ מ֣וֹת רָשָׁ֔ע נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה הֲל֛וֹא בְּשׁוּב֥וֹ מִדְּרָכָ֖יו וְחָיָֽה׃ס

[Ezekiel 18:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.23/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:426` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Ezekiel 18:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.425/)
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- ↑ back to [Ezekiel 18:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.23/)