--- title: Ezekiel 21:3 (JPS 1917) — and say to the forest of the South: Hear the word of the LORD: Thus… · tree and pragmatics description: and say to the forest of the South: Hear the word of the LORD: Thus saith the Lord GOD: Behold, I will kindle a fire in thee, and it shall devour every green tree in thee, and every dry tree, it shall not be quenched, even a flaming flame; and all faces from the south to the north shall be seared th --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.503/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/21/) / [21:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.21.3/) / JPS 1 # Ezekiel 21:3 · JPS 1917 and say to the forest of the South: Hear the word of the LORD: Thus saith the Lord GOD: Behold, I will kindle a fire in thee, and it shall devour every green tree in thee, and every dry tree, it shall not be quenched, even a flaming flame; and all faces from the south to the north shall be seared thereby. **Who acts:** you, I, word · **What happens:** say, hear, kindle, devour, not quench, flaming · **To what, where:** word, Lord GOD, fire, thee, green tree, faces · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Ezekiel 21:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, I, word), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EZK:503 # text = and say to the forest of the South: Hear the word of the LORD: Thus saith the Lord GOD: Behold, I will kindle a fire in thee, and it shall devour every green tree in thee, and every dry tree, it shall not be quenched, even a flaming flame; and all faces from the south to the north shall be seared thereby. 1 and and CCONJ CC _ 2 cc _ _ 2 say say VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 to to ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 forest forest NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 South South PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nmod _ _ 9 : : PUNCT : _ 10 punct _ _ 10 Hear hear VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 2 ccomp _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 nmod _ _ 16 : : PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 17 Thus thus ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 18 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 20 Lord Lord PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 compound _ _ 21 GOD GOD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 22 : : PUNCT : _ 27 punct _ _ 23 Behold behold INTJ UH _ 27 discourse _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 25 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 26 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 27 aux _ _ 27 kindle kindle VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 ccomp _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 fire fire NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 30 in in ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 27 obl _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 34 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ _ 35 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 36 aux _ _ 36 devour devour VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 conj _ _ 37 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 39 det _ _ 38 green green ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 amod _ _ 39 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obj _ _ 40 in in ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 41 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 36 obl _ _ 42 , , PUNCT , _ 52 punct _ _ 43 and and CCONJ CC _ 52 cc _ _ 44 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 46 det _ _ 45 dry dry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 46 amod _ _ 46 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 52 dislocated _ _ 47 , , PUNCT , _ 52 punct _ _ 48 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 52 nsubj:pass _ _ 49 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 52 aux _ _ 50 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 52 advmod _ _ 51 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 52 aux:pass _ _ 52 quenched quench VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 conj _ _ 53 , , PUNCT , _ 57 punct _ _ 54 even even ADV RB _ 57 advmod _ _ 55 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 57 det _ _ 56 flaming flaming VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 57 amod _ _ 57 flame flame NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 appos _ _ 58 ; ; PUNCT : _ 70 punct _ _ 59 and and CCONJ CC _ 70 cc _ _ 60 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 61 det _ _ 61 faces face NOUN NNS Number=Plur 70 nsubj:pass _ _ 62 from from ADP IN _ 64 case _ _ 63 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 64 det _ _ 64 south south NOUN NN Number=Sing 61 nmod _ _ 65 to to ADP IN _ 67 case _ _ 66 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 67 det _ _ 67 north north NOUN NN Number=Sing 61 nmod _ _ 68 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 70 aux _ _ 69 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 70 aux:pass _ _ 70 seared sear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 52 conj _ _ 71 thereby thereby ADV RB _ 70 advmod _ _ 72 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* | | | | | to the forest of the South | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to forest=Experiencer clause=Topic | | 2 | **hear** | infinitive | | the word of the LORD | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | | the Lord GOD | | | | thus *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **kindle** | future | I | a fire | | thee | | | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition fire=Patient | | 5 | **devour** | shall | word | every green tree | | thee | | | vn devour-39.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Patient | | 6 | **not** **quench** | shall · passive | | word | | | | every dry tree *dislocated* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | | 7 | **flaming** | gerund | | | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **sear** | shall · passive | | all faces from the south to the north | | | | thereby *property* | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient | | 9 | **word** | | | the LORD | | | | | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְאָֽמַרְתָּ֙ לְיַ֣עַר הַנֶּ֔גֶב שְׁמַ֖ע דְּבַר־יְהוָ֑ה כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֡ה הִנְנִ֣י מַֽצִּית־בְּךָ֣ ׀ אֵ֡שׁ וְאָכְלָ֣ה בְךָ֣ כָל־עֵֽץ־לַח֩ וְכָל־עֵ֨ץ יָבֵ֤שׁ לֹֽא־תִכְבֶּה֙ לַהֶ֣בֶת שַׁלְהֶ֔בֶת וְנִצְרְבוּ־בָ֥הּ כָּל־פָּנִ֖ים מִנֶּ֥גֶב צָפֽוֹנָה׃ [Ezekiel 21:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.21.3/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:503` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 21:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.502/) - next →: [Ezekiel 21:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.504/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 21:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.21.3/)