---
title: Ezekiel 21:17 (JPS 1917) — Cry and wail, son of man; for it is upon My people, it is upon all t… · tree and pragmatics
description: Cry and wail, son of man; for it is upon My people, it is upon all the princes of Israel; they are thrust down to the sword with My people; smite therefore upon thy thigh. Who acts: you, sword. Ezekiel 21:17 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ezekiel 21:17 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cry and wail, son of man; for it is upon My people, it is upon all the princes of Israel; they are thrust down to the sword with My people; smite therefore upon thy thigh.

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**Who acts:** you, sword · **What happens:** cry, wail, be, thrust down, smite · **To what, where:** princes, sword

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Ezekiel 21:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, sword), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:517
# text = Cry and wail, son of man; for it is upon My people, it is upon all the princes of Israel; they are thrust down to the sword with My people; smite therefore upon thy thigh.
1	Cry	cry	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	wail	wail	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	vocative	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
9	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
12	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	advcl	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
18	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	21	det:predet	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	princes	prince	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	parataxis	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
24	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	27	punct	_	_
25	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj:pass	_	_
26	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux:pass	_	_
27	thrust	thrust	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	parataxis	_	_
28	down	down	ADV	RB	_	27	compound:prt	_	_
29	to	to	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
32	with	with	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obl	_	_
35	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	36	punct	_	_
36	smite	smite	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
37	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	_
38	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	40	nmod:poss	_	_
40	thigh	thigh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	_
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | son of man *vocative* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **wail** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | sword |  |  |  |  | upon My people | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | present | sword |  |  |  |  | upon all princes; of Israel | tree rules |
| 5 | **thrust down** | present · passive |  | princes *= prince* |  | the sword |  | with My people | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to sword=Destination |
| 6 | **smite** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | upon thy thigh; therefore *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
זְעַ֤ק וְהֵילֵל֙ בֶּן־אָדָ֔ם כִּי־הִיא֙ הָיתָ֣הבְעַמִּ֔י הִ֖יא בְּכָל־נְשִׂיאֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל מְגוּרֵ֤י אֶל־חֶ֙רֶב֙ הָי֣וּ אֶת־עַמִּ֔י לָכֵ֖ן סְפֹ֥ק אֶל־יָרֵֽךְ׃

[Ezekiel 21:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.21.17/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:517` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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