--- title: Ezekiel 21:20 (JPS 1917) — I have set the point of the sword against all their gates, that thei… · tree and pragmatics description: I have set the point of the sword against all their gates, that their heart may melt, and their stumblings be multiplied; ah! it is made glittering, it is sharpened for slaughter. Who acts: I, heart. Ezekiel 21:20 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.521/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/21/) / [21:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.21.20/) / JPS 1 # Ezekiel 21:20 · JPS 1917 I have set the point of the sword against all their gates, that their heart may melt, and their stumblings be multiplied; ah! it is made glittering, it is sharpened for slaughter. **Who acts:** I, heart · **What happens:** set, melt, multiply, make, sharpen, point · **To what, where:** point, gates, stumblings, heart, sword This is Ezekiel 21:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, heart), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EZK:521 # text = I have set the point of the sword against all their gates, that their heart may melt, and their stumblings be multiplied; ah! it is made glittering, it is sharpened for slaughter. 1 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 set set VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 point point NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 sword sword NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod _ _ 9 against against ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 10 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 12 det:predet _ _ 11 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ _ 12 gates gate NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 14 that that SCONJ IN _ 18 mark _ _ 15 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ _ 16 heart heart NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 17 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 18 aux _ _ 18 melt melt VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 advcl _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 21 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ _ 22 stumblings stumbling NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nsubj:pass _ _ 23 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 24 aux:pass _ _ 24 multiplied multiply VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 18 conj _ _ 25 ; ; PUNCT : _ 30 punct _ _ 26 ah ah INTJ UH _ 30 discourse _ _ 27 ! ! PUNCT . _ 26 punct _ _ 28 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj:pass _ _ 29 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 aux:pass _ _ 30 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 parataxis _ _ 31 glittering glittering ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 xcomp _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 33 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nsubj:pass _ _ 34 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 35 aux:pass _ _ 35 sharpened sharpen VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 parataxis _ _ 36 for for ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 slaughter slaughter NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **set** | present · perfect | I | the point of the sword | | hands's gates | | | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent point=Theme against gate=Destination | | 2 | **melt** | may | hands's heart | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 3 | **multiply** | infinitive · passive | | hands's stumblings | | | | | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 4 | **make** | present · passive | | heart | | | | glittering *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | | 5 | **sharpen** | present · passive | | heart | | | | for slaughter | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient | | 6 | **point** | | | the sword | | | | | nom point «cognition transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} לְמַ֣עַן ׀ לָמ֣וּג לֵ֗ב וְהַרְבֵּה֙ הַמִּכְשֹׁלִ֔ים עַ֚ל כָּל־שַׁ֣עֲרֵיהֶ֔ם נָתַ֖תִּי אִבְחַת־חָ֑רֶב אָ֛ח עֲשׂוּיָ֥ה לְבָרָ֖ק מְעֻטָּ֥ה לְטָֽבַח׃ [Ezekiel 21:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.21.20/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:521` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 21:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.520/) - next →: [Ezekiel 21:21 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.522/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 21:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.21.20/)