---
title: Ezekiel 22:29 (JPS 1917) — The people of the land have used oppression, and exercised robbery,… · tree and pragmatics
description: The people of the land have used oppression, and exercised robbery, and have wronged the poor and needy, and have oppressed the stranger unlawfully. Who acts: people. Ezekiel 22:29 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ezekiel 22:29 · JPS 1917

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The people of the land have used oppression, and exercised robbery, and have wronged the poor and needy, and have oppressed the stranger unlawfully.

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**Who acts:** people · **What happens:** use, exercise, wrong, oppress · **To what, where:** oppression, robbery, poor, stranger

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This is Ezekiel 22:29 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:568
# text = The people of the land have used oppression, and exercised robbery, and have wronged the poor and needy, and have oppressed the stranger unlawfully.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
8	oppression	oppression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	exercised	exercise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
12	robbery	robbery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	wronged	wrong	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	conj	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	obj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	needy	needy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	conj	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	oppressed	oppress	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	conj	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	stranger	stranger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	unlawfully	unlawfully	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present · perfect | the people of the land | oppression |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oppression=Patient |
| 2 | **exercise** | past | the people of the land *not said here* | robbery |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent robbery=Patient |
| 3 | **wrong** | present · perfect | the people of the land *not said here* | the poor |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **oppress** | present · perfect | the people of the land *not said here* | the stranger |  |  |  | unlawfully *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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עַ֤ם הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ עָ֣שְׁקוּ עֹ֔שֶׁק וְגָזְל֖וּ גָּזֵ֑ל וְעָנִ֤י וְאֶבְיוֹן֙ הוֹנ֔וּ וְאֶת־הַגֵּ֥ר עָשְׁק֖וּ בְּלֹ֥א מִשְׁפָּֽט׃

[Ezekiel 22:29: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.22.29/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:568` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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