--- title: Ezekiel 3:18 (JPS 1917) — When I say unto the wicked: Thou shalt surely die; and thou givest h… · tree and pragmatics description: When I say unto the wicked: Thou shalt surely die; and thou givest him not warning, nor speakest to warn the wicked from his wicked way, to save his life; the same wicked man shall die in his iniquity, but his blood will I require at thy hand. Who acts: I, Thou, same wicked man. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Thou, same wicked man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EZK:59 # text = When I say unto the wicked: Thou shalt surely die; and thou givest him not warning, nor speakest to warn the wicked from his wicked way, to save his life; the same wicked man shall die in his iniquity, but his blood will I require at thy hand. 1 When when SCONJ WRB _ 3 mark _ _ 2 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 advcl _ _ 4 unto unto ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 wicked wicked ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 obl _ _ 7 : : PUNCT : _ 11 punct _ _ 8 Thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 11 nsubj _ _ 9 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 11 aux _ _ 10 surely surely ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 11 die die VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 12 ; ; PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 14 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 15 nsubj _ _ 15 givest give VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 16 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obj _ _ 17 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 18 advmod _ _ 18 warning warn VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 15 xcomp _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 20 nor nor CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 21 cc _ _ 21 speakest speak VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ _ 22 to to PART TO _ 23 mark _ _ 23 warn warn VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 21 xcomp _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 wicked wicked ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 obj _ _ 26 from from ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 27 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ _ 28 wicked wicked ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 31 to to PART TO _ 32 mark _ _ 32 save save VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 23 advcl _ _ 33 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ _ 34 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ _ 35 ; ; PUNCT : _ 41 punct _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 37 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 amod _ _ 38 wicked wicked ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 amod _ _ 39 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 nsubj _ _ 40 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 41 aux _ _ 41 die die VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 parataxis _ _ 42 in in ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 44 nmod:poss _ _ 44 iniquity iniquity NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 obl _ _ 45 , , PUNCT , _ 51 punct _ _ 46 but but CCONJ CC _ 51 cc _ _ 47 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 48 nmod:poss _ _ 48 blood blood NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 obj _ _ 49 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 51 aux _ _ 50 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 51 nsubj _ _ 51 require require VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 41 conj _ _ 52 at at ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 53 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 54 nmod:poss _ _ 54 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 obl _ _ 55 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert, polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | I | | | | | unto the wicked | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **die** | shall | Thou | | | | | surely *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 3 | **give** | present | thou | house | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **not** **warn** *speech: warn* | gerund | thou *not said here* | | | | | | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | thou *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **warn** *speech: warn* | to-infinitive | thou *not said here* | the wicked | | house's wicked way | | | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent wicked=Recipient | | 7 | **save** | to-infinitive | thou *not said here* | house's life | | | | | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Theme | | 8 | **die** | shall | the same wicked man | | | | | in man's iniquity | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in iniquity=Attribute | | 9 | **require** | future | I | man's blood | | thy hand | | | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme blood=Precondition | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} בְּאָמְרִ֤י לָֽרָשָׁע֙ מ֣וֹת תָּמ֔וּת וְלֹ֣א הִזְהַרְתּ֗וֹ וְלֹ֥א דִבַּ֛רְתָּ לְהַזְהִ֥יר רָשָׁ֛ע מִדַּרְכּ֥וֹ הָרְשָׁעָ֖ה לְחַיֹּת֑וֹ ה֤וּא רָשָׁע֙ בַּעֲוֺנ֣וֹ יָמ֔וּת וְדָמ֖וֹ מִיָּדְךָ֥ אֲבַקֵּֽשׁ׃ [Ezekiel 3:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.3.18/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:59` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 3:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.58/) - next →: [Ezekiel 3:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.60/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 3:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.3.18/)