---
title: Ezekiel 23:45 (JPS 1917) — But righteous men, they shall judge them as adulteresses are judged,… · tree and pragmatics
description: But righteous men, they shall judge them as adulteresses are judged, and as women that shed blood are judged; because they are adulteresses, and blood is in their hands. Who acts: incense, women, blood. Ezekiel 23:45 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ezekiel 23:45 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But righteous men, they shall judge them as adulteresses are judged, and as women that shed blood are judged; because they are adulteresses, and blood is in their hands.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** incense, women, blood · **What happens:** judge, shed, be · **To what, where:** harlotries, adulteresses, blood, women, hands

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Ezekiel 23:45 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (incense, women, blood), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:616
# text = But righteous men, they shall judge them as adulteresses are judged, and as women that shed blood are judged; because they are adulteresses, and blood is in their hands.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	righteous	righteous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	dislocated	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	judge	judge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	adulteresses	adulteress	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	judged	judge	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	advcl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
15	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
16	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
18	shed	shed	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
19	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
20	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	judged	judge	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
22	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
23	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
24	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
25	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
26	adulteresses	adulteress	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	advcl	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
29	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
30	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	cop	_	_
31	in	in	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	conj	_	_
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **judge** | shall | incense | harlotries *= harlotry* |  |  |  | righteous men *dislocated* | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Agent they=Value |
| 2 | **judge** | present · passive |  | adulteresses |  |  |  |  | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: subject=Value |
| 3 | **shed** | present | women | blood |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location blood=Source |
| 4 | **judge** | present · passive |  | women |  |  |  |  | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: subject=Value |
| 5 | **is a** | present | incense | adulteresses and incense's hands |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **is** | present | blood |  |  | incense's hands |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַאֲנָשִׁ֣ים צַדִּיקִ֗ם הֵ֚מָּה יִשְׁפְּט֣וּ אֽוֹתְהֶ֔ם מִשְׁפַּט֙ נֹֽאֲפ֔וֹת וּמִשְׁפַּ֖ט שֹׁפְכ֣וֹת דָּ֑ם כִּ֤י נֹֽאֲפֹת֙ הֵ֔נָּה וְדָ֖ם בִּֽידֵיהֶֽן׃ס

[Ezekiel 23:45: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.23.45/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:616` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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