---
title: Ezekiel 27:9 (JPS 1917) — The elders of Gebal and the wise men thereof were in thee thy calker… · tree and pragmatics
description: The elders of Gebal and the wise men thereof were in thee thy calkers; all the ships of the sea with their mariners were in thee to exchange thy merchandise. Who acts: elders, ships. Ezekiel 27:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ezekiel 27:9 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The elders of Gebal and the wise men thereof were in thee thy calkers; all the ships of the sea with their mariners were in thee to exchange thy merchandise.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** elders, ships · **What happens:** be, exchange · **To what, where:** calkers, thee, merchandise

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Ezekiel 27:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (elders, ships), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:695
# text = The elders of Gebal and the wise men thereof were in thee thy calkers; all the ships of the sea with their mariners were in thee to exchange thy merchandise.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	elders	elder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Gebal	Gebal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	wise	wise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
9	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	14	obl	_	_
13	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	calkers	calker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	27	punct	_	_
16	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	18	det:predet	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nsubj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	mariners	mariner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	_
25	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	14	parataxis	_	_
28	to	to	PART	TO	_	29	mark	_	_
29	exchange	exchange	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	advcl	_	_
30	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	merchandise	merchandise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: pos
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the elders of Gebal and the wise men | thy calkers |  | thee |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | all ships of the sea with ships's mariners |  |  | thee |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **exchange** | to-infinitive | all ships of the sea with ships's mariners *not said here* | thy merchandise |  |  |  |  | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent merchandise=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
זִקְנֵ֨י גְבַ֤ל וַחֲכָמֶ֙יהָ֙ הָ֣יוּ בָ֔ךְ מַחֲזִיקֵ֖י בִּדְקֵ֑ךְ כָּל־אֳנִיּ֨וֹת הַיָּ֤ם וּמַלָּֽחֵיהֶם֙ הָ֣יוּ בָ֔ךְ לַעֲרֹ֖ב מַעֲרָבֵֽךְ׃

[Ezekiel 27:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.27.9/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:695` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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