---
title: Ezekiel 27:11 (JPS 1917) — The men of Arvad and Helech were upon thy walls round about, and the… · tree and pragmatics
description: The men of Arvad and Helech were upon thy walls round about, and the Gammadim were in thy towers; they hanged their shields upon thy walls round about; they have perfected thy beauty. Who acts: men, Gammadim, towers, shield. Ezekiel 27:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ev
---

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# Ezekiel 27:11 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The men of Arvad and Helech were upon thy walls round about, and the Gammadim were in thy towers; they hanged their shields upon thy walls round about; they have perfected thy beauty.

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**Who acts:** men, Gammadim, towers, shield · **What happens:** be, hang, perfect · **To what, where:** towers, shields, walls, beauty

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This is Ezekiel 27:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, Gammadim, towers, shield), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:697
# text = The men of Arvad and Helech were upon thy walls round about, and the Gammadim were in thy towers; they hanged their shields upon thy walls round about; they have perfected thy beauty.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Arvad	Arvad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	Helech	Helech	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
11	round	round	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	about	about	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Gammadim	Gammadim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
17	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	towers	tower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
22	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	hanged	hang	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	parataxis	_	_
24	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	shields	shield	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	_
26	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl	_	_
29	round	round	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
30	about	about	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
31	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
32	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
33	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
34	perfected	perfect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	parataxis	_	_
35	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	beauty	beauty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	_
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the men of Arvad and Helech |  |  |  |  | upon thy walls and thy towers; about *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | the Gammadim |  |  | thy towers |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **hang** | past | towers *= tower* | towers's shields |  | thy walls |  | about *property* | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent shield=Theme upon wall=Destination |
| 4 | **perfect** | present · perfect | shield | thy beauty |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent beauty=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
בְּנֵ֧י אַרְוַ֣ד וְחֵילֵ֗ךְ עַל־חוֹמוֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ סָבִ֔יב וְגַ֨מָּדִ֔ים בְּמִגְדְּלוֹתַ֖יִךְ הָי֑וּ שִׁלְטֵיהֶ֞ם תִּלּ֤וּ עַל־חוֹמוֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ סָבִ֔יב הֵ֖מָּה כָּלְל֥וּ יָפְיֵֽךְ׃

[Ezekiel 27:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.27.11/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:697` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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