---
title: Ezekiel 27:12 (JPS 1917) — Tarshish was thy merchant by reason of the multitude of all kinds of… · tree and pragmatics
description: Tarshish was thy merchant by reason of the multitude of all kinds of riches; with silver, iron, tin, and lead, they traded for thy wares. Who acts: Tarshish, shield. Ezekiel 27:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ezekiel 27:12 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tarshish was thy merchant by reason of the multitude of all kinds of riches; with silver, iron, tin, and lead, they traded for thy wares.

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**Who acts:** Tarshish, shield · **What happens:** be, trade · **To what, where:** merchant

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This is Ezekiel 27:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tarshish, shield), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:698
# text = Tarshish was thy merchant by reason of the multitude of all kinds of riches; with silver, iron, tin, and lead, they traded for thy wares.
1	Tarshish	Tarshish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	merchant	merchant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	multitude	multitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	det	_	_
12	kinds	kind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	riches	rich	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
16	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	silver	silver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	tin	tin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	lead	lead	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
26	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	traded	trade	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
28	for	for	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	wares	ware	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obl	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Tarshish | thy merchant |  |  |  | by reason of the multitude of all kinds of riches | tree rules |
| 2 | **trade** | past | shield |  |  |  |  | with silver and iron and tin and lead; for thy wares | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent for ware=Co-Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
תַּרְשִׁ֥ישׁ סֹחַרְתֵּ֖ךְ מֵרֹ֣ב כָּל־ה֑וֹן בְּכֶ֤סֶף בַּרְזֶל֙ בְּדִ֣יל וְעוֹפֶ֔רֶת נָתְנ֖וּ עִזְבוֹנָֽיִךְ׃

[Ezekiel 27:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.27.12/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:698` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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