---
title: Ezekiel 27:22 (JPS 1917) — The traffickers of Sheba and Raamah, they were thy traffickers; they… · tree and pragmatics
description: The traffickers of Sheba and Raamah, they were thy traffickers; they traded for thy wares with chief of all spices, and with all precious stones, and gold. Who acts: traffickers. Ezekiel 27:22 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ezekiel 27:22 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The traffickers of Sheba and Raamah, they were thy traffickers; they traded for thy wares with chief of all spices, and with all precious stones, and gold.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** traffickers · **What happens:** be, trade · **To what, where:** traffickers

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Ezekiel 27:22 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (traffickers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:708
# text = The traffickers of Sheba and Raamah, they were thy traffickers; they traded for thy wares with chief of all spices, and with all precious stones, and gold.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	traffickers	trafficker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	dislocated	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Sheba	Sheba	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	Raamah	Raamah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	traffickers	trafficker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	traded	trade	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	parataxis	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	wares	ware	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	22	det	_	_
22	spices	spice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nmod	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
25	with	with	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	28	det	_	_
27	precious	precious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	conj	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	conj	_	_
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | traffickers *= trafficker* | thy traffickers |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **trade** | past | traffickers *= trafficker* |  |  |  |  | for thy wares; with chief of all spices and all precious stones and gold | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent for ware=Co-Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
רֹכְלֵ֤י שְׁבָא֙ וְרַעְמָ֔ה הֵ֖מָּה רֹכְלָ֑יִךְ בְּרֹ֨אשׁ כָּל־בֹּ֜שֶׂם וּבְכָל־אֶ֤בֶן יְקָרָה֙ וְזָהָ֔ב נָתְנ֖וּ עִזְבוֹנָֽיִךְ׃

[Ezekiel 27:22: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.27.22/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:708` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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