---
title: Ezekiel 28:7 (JPS 1917) — Therefore, behold, I will bring strangers upon thee, the terrible of… · tree and pragmatics
description: Therefore, behold, I will bring strangers upon thee, the terrible of the nations; and they shall draw their swords against the beauty of thy wisdom, and they shall defile thy brightness. Who acts: I, strangers. Ezekiel 28:7 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ezekiel 28:7 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Therefore, behold, I will bring strangers upon thee, the terrible of the nations; and they shall draw their swords against the beauty of thy wisdom, and they shall defile thy brightness.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, strangers · **What happens:** bring, draw, defile · **To what, where:** strangers, swords, brightness

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This is Ezekiel 28:7 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, strangers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:729
# text = Therefore, behold, I will bring strangers upon thee, the terrible of the nations; and they shall draw their swords against the beauty of thy wisdom, and they shall defile thy brightness.
1	Therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	7	discourse	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	strangers	stranger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	7	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	terrible	terrible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	appos	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	draw	draw	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
22	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	swords	sword	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obj	_	_
24	against	against	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	beauty	beauty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	wisdom	wisdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
32	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
33	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
34	defile	defile	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	conj	_	_
35	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	brightness	brightness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	_
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: promise
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | future | I | strangers |  |  |  | upon thee; therefore *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent stranger=Theme |
| 2 | **draw** | shall | strangers *= stranger* | strangers's swords |  |  |  | against the beauty of thy wisdom | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sword=Theme |
| 3 | **defile** | shall | strangers *= stranger* | thy brightness |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
לָכֵ֗ן הִנְנִ֨י מֵבִ֤יא עָלֶ֙יךָ֙ זָרִ֔ים עָרִיצֵ֖י גּוֹיִ֑ם וְהֵרִ֤יקוּ חַרְבוֹתָם֙ עַל־יְפִ֣י חָכְמָתֶ֔ךָ וְחִלְּל֖וּ יִפְעָתֶֽךָ׃

[Ezekiel 28:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.28.7/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:729` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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