---
title: Ezekiel 28:17 (JPS 1917) — Thy heart was lifted up because of thy beauty, thou hast corrupted t… · tree and pragmatics
description: Thy heart was lifted up because of thy beauty, thou hast corrupted thy wisdom by reason of thy brightness; I have cast thee to the ground, I have laid thee before kings, that they may gaze upon thee. Who acts: thou, I, wisdom. Ezekiel 28:17 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of 
---

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# Ezekiel 28:17 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thy heart was lifted up because of thy beauty, thou hast corrupted thy wisdom by reason of thy brightness; I have cast thee to the ground, I have laid thee before kings, that they may gaze upon thee.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** thou, I, wisdom · **What happens:** lift up, corrupt, cast, lay, gaze · **To what, where:** heart, wisdom, thee, ground

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Ezekiel 28:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, I, wisdom), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:740
# text = Thy heart was lifted up because of thy beauty, thou hast corrupted thy wisdom by reason of thy brightness; I have cast thee to the ground, I have laid thee before kings, that they may gaze upon thee.
1	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	lifted	lift	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	9	case	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	fixed	_	_
8	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	beauty	beauty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	nsubj	_	_
12	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	corrupted	corrupt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
14	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	wisdom	wisdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	by	by	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	brightness	brightness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
22	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	cast	cast	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	parataxis	_	_
25	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	24	obj	_	_
26	to	to	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
31	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
32	laid	lay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	24	parataxis	_	_
33	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	32	obj	_	_
34	before	before	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obl	_	_
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
37	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	40	mark	_	_
38	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	40	nsubj	_	_
39	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	40	aux	_	_
40	gaze	gaze	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	advcl	_	_
41	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	40	obl	_	_
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift up** | past · passive |  | Thy heart |  |  |  | because thy beauty | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **corrupt** | present · perfect | thou | thy wisdom |  |  |  | by reason of thy brightness | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent wisdom=Patient |
| 3 | **cast** | present · perfect | I | thee |  | the ground |  |  | vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent thou=Theme to ground=Destination |
| 4 | **lay** | present · perfect | I | thee |  |  | before kings |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent thou=Theme before king=Destination |
| 5 | **gaze** | may | wisdom |  |  |  |  | upon thee | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent upon thou=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
גָּבַ֤הּ לִבְּךָ֙ בְּיָפְיֶ֔ךָ שִׁחַ֥תָּ חָכְמָתְךָ֖ עַל־יִפְעָתֶ֑ךָ עַל־אֶ֣רֶץ הִשְׁלַכְתִּ֗יךָ לִפְנֵ֧י מְלָכִ֛ים נְתַתִּ֖יךָ לְרַ֥אֲוָה בָֽךְ׃

[Ezekiel 28:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.28.17/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:740` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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