--- title: Ezekiel 29:18 (JPS 1917) — 'Son of man, Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon caused his army to serve… · tree and pragmatics description: 'Son of man, Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon caused his army to serve a great service against Tyre; every head was made bald, and every shoulder was peeled; yet had he no wages, nor his army, from Tyre, for the service that he had served against it; Who acts: Nebuchadrezzar king, army, king. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nebuchadrezzar king, army, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EZK:767 # text = 'Son of man, Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon caused his army to serve a great service against Tyre; every head was made bald, and every shoulder was peeled; yet had he no wages, nor his army, from Tyre, for the service that he had served against it; 1 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 10 punct _ _ 2 Son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 vocative _ _ 3 of of ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 6 Nebuchadrezzar Nebuchadrezzar PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 compound _ _ 7 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 Babylon Babylon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ 10 caused cause VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 11 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ _ 12 army army NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 13 to to PART TO _ 14 mark _ _ 14 serve serve VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 xcomp _ _ 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 16 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 service service NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 18 against against ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 Tyre Tyre PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 nmod _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT : _ 24 punct _ _ 21 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 22 det _ _ 22 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj:pass _ _ 23 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 aux:pass _ _ 24 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 10 parataxis _ _ 25 bald bald ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 xcomp _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 28 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 29 det _ _ 29 shoulder shoulder NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nsubj:pass _ _ 30 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 31 aux:pass _ _ 31 peeled peel VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 24 conj _ _ 32 ; ; PUNCT : _ 34 punct _ _ 33 yet yet CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 34 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 parataxis _ _ 35 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 36 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 37 det _ _ 37 wages wage NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 obj _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 39 nor nor CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 41 cc _ _ 40 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 41 nmod:poss _ _ 41 army army NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 conj _ _ 42 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 43 from from ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 44 Tyre Tyre PROPN NNP Number=Sing 34 obl _ _ 45 , , PUNCT , _ 48 punct _ _ 46 for for ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 47 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 48 det _ _ 48 service service NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obl _ _ 49 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 52 obj _ _ 50 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 52 nsubj _ _ 51 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 52 aux _ _ 52 served serve VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 48 acl:relcl _ _ 53 against against ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 54 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 52 obl _ _ 55 ; ; PUNCT : _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: pos - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **cause** | past | Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon | king's army | | | | Son of man *vocative* | tree rules | | 2 | **serve** | to-infinitive | king's army *not said here* | a great service | | | | against Tyre | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent service=Attribute | | 3 | **make** | past · passive | | every head | | | | bald *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | | 4 | **peel** | past · passive | | every shoulder | | | | | vn pit-10.7 «NP V NP»: subject=Source | | 5 | **have** | past | king | no wages nor king's army | | Tyre | | for the service | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wage=Patient | | 6 | **serve** | past · perfect | king | the service | | | | against kingdom | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Attribute | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} בֶּן־אָדָ֗ם נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֣ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּ֠בֶל הֶעֱבִ֨יד אֶת־חֵיל֜וֹ עֲבֹדָ֤ה גְדֹלָה֙ אֶל־צֹ֔ר כָּל־רֹ֣אשׁ מֻקְרָ֔ח וְכָל־כָּתֵ֖ף מְרוּטָ֑ה וְ֠שָׂכָר לֹא־הָ֨יָה ל֤וֹ וּלְחֵילוֹ֙ מִצֹּ֔ר עַל־הָעֲבֹדָ֖ה אֲשֶׁר־עָבַ֥ד עָלֶֽיהָ׃ס [Ezekiel 29:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.29.18/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:767` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 29:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.766/) - next →: [Ezekiel 29:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.768/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 29:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.29.18/)