---
title: Ezekiel 31:17 (JPS 1917) — They also went down into the nether-world with him unto them that ar… · tree and pragmatics
description: They also went down into the nether-world with him unto them that are slain by the sword; yea, they that were in his arm, that dwelt under his shadow in the midst of the nations. Who acts: trees, sword, God. Ezekiel 31:17 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ezekiel 31:17 · JPS 1917

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They also went down into the nether-world with him unto them that are slain by the sword; yea, they that were in his arm, that dwelt under his shadow in the midst of the nations.

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**Who acts:** trees, sword, God · **What happens:** go down, slay, be, dwell, shadow · **To what, where:** nether world, arm, shadow

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This is Ezekiel 31:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trees, sword, God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:813
# text = They also went down into the nether-world with him unto them that are slain by the sword; yea, they that were in his arm, that dwelt under his shadow in the midst of the nations.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	also	also	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	down	down	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	nether	nether	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	_
9	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
12	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	slain	slay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl:relcl	_	_
17	by	by	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl:agent	_	_
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
21	yea	yea	INTJ	UH	_	23	discourse	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
23	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	parataxis	_	_
24	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	28	nsubj	_	_
25	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	acl:relcl	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	31	nsubj	_	_
31	dwelt	dwell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	acl:relcl	_	_
32	under	under	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
35	in	in	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	midst	midst	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	nmod	_	_
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go down** | past | trees *= tree* |  |  | the nether world |  | with God; unto waters *= water*; down *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **slay** | present · passive | the sword |  |  |  |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
| 3 | **is** | past |  |  |  | God's arm |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **dwell** | past |  |  |  | God's shadow |  | in the midst of the nations | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under shadow=Location |
| 5 | **shadow** |  | God |  |  |  |  |  | nom shadow «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
גַּם־הֵ֗ם אִתּ֛וֹ יָרְד֥וּ שְׁא֖וֹלָה אֶל־חַלְלֵי־חָ֑רֶב וּזְרֹע֛וֹ יָשְׁב֥וּ בְצִלּ֖וֹ בְּת֥וֹךְ גּוֹיִֽם׃

[Ezekiel 31:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.31.17/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:813` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Ezekiel 31:16 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.812/)
- next →: [Ezekiel 31:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.814/)
- ↑ back to [Ezekiel 31:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.31.17/)