---
title: Ezekiel 32:24 (JPS 1917) — There is Elam and all her multitude round about her grave; all of th… · tree and pragmatics
description: There is Elam and all her multitude round about her grave; all of them slain, fallen by the sword, who are gone down uncircumcised into the nether parts of the earth, who caused their terror in the land of the living; yet have they borne their shame with them that go down to the pit. Who acts: Elam,
---

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# Ezekiel 32:24 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There is Elam and all her multitude round about her grave; all of them slain, fallen by the sword, who are gone down uncircumcised into the nether parts of the earth, who caused their terror in the land of the living; yet have they borne their shame with them that go down to the pit.

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**Who acts:** Elam, all, graves · **What happens:** be, slay, fall, go down, cause, bear · **To what, where:** nether parts, terror, land, shame

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This is Ezekiel 32:24 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elam, all, graves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:840
# text = There is Elam and all her multitude round about her grave; all of them slain, fallen by the sword, who are gone down uncircumcised into the nether parts of the earth, who caused their terror in the land of the living; yet have they borne their shame with them that go down to the pit.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Elam	Elam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
5	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	7	det:predet	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	multitude	multitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
8	round	round	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
9	about	about	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	grave	grave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
13	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	16	nsubj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nmod	_	_
16	slain	slay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	conj	_	_
19	by	by	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	25	nsubj	_	_
24	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	acl:relcl	_	_
26	down	down	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
27	uncircumcised	uncircumcised	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	xcomp	_	_
28	into	into	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	nether	nether	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	_
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
36	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	37	nsubj	_	_
37	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
38	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	39	nmod:poss	_	_
39	terror	terror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obj	_	_
40	in	in	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	living	living	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	42	nmod	_	_
46	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	50	punct	_	_
47	yet	yet	CCONJ	CC	_	50	cc	_	_
48	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	50	aux	_	_
49	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	50	nsubj	_	_
50	borne	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
51	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	52	nmod:poss	_	_
52	shame	shame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	obj	_	_
53	with	with	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
54	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	50	obl	_	_
55	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	56	nsubj	_	_
56	go	go	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	54	acl:relcl	_	_
57	down	down	ADV	RB	_	56	advmod	_	_
58	to	to	ADP	IN	_	60	case	_	_
59	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	60	det	_	_
60	pit	pit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	56	obl	_	_
61	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | Elam and sword's multitude |  |  | there |  | about sword's grave | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme about grave=Location |
| 2 | **slay** | participle | all |  |  |  |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **fall** | participle | all *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by the sword | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by sword=Location |
| 4 | **go down** | present · passive |  |  |  | the nether parts of the earth |  | down, uncircumcised *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 5 | **cause** | past |  | graves's terror |  | the land of the living |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition terror=Patient |
| 6 | **bear** | present · perfect | graves *= grave* | graves's shame |  |  |  | with parts *= part* | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shame=Patient |
| 7 | **go down** | present |  |  |  |  |  | to the pit; down *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 8 | **shame** |  | graves *= grave* |  |  |  |  |  | nom shame «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
שָׁ֤ם עֵילָם֙ וְכָל־הֲמוֹנָ֔הּ סְבִיב֖וֹת קְבֻרָתָ֑הּ כֻּלָּ֣ם חֲלָלִים֩ הַנֹּפְלִ֨ים בַּחֶ֜רֶב אֲ‍ֽשֶׁר־יָרְד֥וּ עֲרֵלִ֣ים ׀ אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ תַּחְתִּיּ֗וֹת אֲשֶׁ֨ר נָתְנ֤וּ חִתִּיתָם֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חַיִּ֔ים וַיִּשְׂא֥וּ כְלִמָּתָ֖ם אֶת־י֥וֹרְדֵי בֽוֹר׃

[Ezekiel 32:24: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.32.24/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:840` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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