---
title: Ezekiel 32:27 (JPS 1917) — And they that are inferior to the uncircumcised shall not lie with t… · tree and pragmatics
description: And they that are inferior to the uncircumcised shall not lie with the mighty that are gone down to the nether-world with their weapons of war, whose swords are laid under their heads, and whose iniquities are upon their bones; because the terror of the mighty was in the land of the living. Who acts
---

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# Ezekiel 32:27 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And they that are inferior to the uncircumcised shall not lie with the mighty that are gone down to the nether-world with their weapons of war, whose swords are laid under their heads, and whose iniquities are upon their bones; because the terror of the mighty was in the land of the living.

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**Who acts:** graves, iniquities, terror · **What happens:** be, not lie, go down, lay · **To what, where:** swords, heads, land

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Ezekiel 32:27 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (graves, iniquities, terror), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:843
# text = And they that are inferior to the uncircumcised shall not lie with the mighty that are gone down to the nether-world with their weapons of war, whose swords are laid under their heads, and whose iniquities are upon their bones; because the terror of the mighty was in the land of the living.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	2	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	inferior	inferior	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	acl:relcl	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	uncircumcised	uncircumcised	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	obl	_	_
9	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	lie	lie	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	obl	_	_
15	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl:relcl	_	_
18	down	down	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
21	nether	nether	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
22	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	21	punct	_	_
23	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
24	with	with	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	weapons	weapon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
30	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	swords	sword	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nsubj:pass	_	_
32	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	aux:pass	_	_
33	laid	lay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	acl:relcl	_	_
34	under	under	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obl	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
39	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	40	nmod:poss	_	_
40	iniquities	iniquity	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	44	nsubj	_	_
41	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	44	cop	_	_
42	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	44	nmod:poss	_	_
44	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	acl:relcl	_	_
45	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	55	punct	_	_
46	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	55	mark	_	_
47	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
48	terror	terror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	55	nsubj	_	_
49	of	of	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
50	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	51	det	_	_
51	mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	48	nmod	_	_
52	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	55	cop	_	_
53	in	in	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
54	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
55	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	advcl	_	_
56	of	of	ADP	IN	_	58	case	_	_
57	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	58	det	_	_
58	living	living	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	55	nmod	_	_
59	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | to the uncircumcised; inferior *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **lie** | shall | graves *= grave* |  |  |  |  | with the mighty | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **go down** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  | to the nether world *result*; with graves's weapons of war; down *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: subject=Extent to world=Result |
| 4 | **lay** | present · passive |  | swords |  | graves's heads |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme under head=Destination |
| 5 | **is** | present | graves's bones's iniquities |  |  |  |  | upon graves's bones | tree rules |
| 6 | **is** | past | the terror of the mighty |  |  | the land |  | of the living | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְלֹ֤א יִשְׁכְּבוּ֙ אֶת־גִּבּוֹרִ֔ים נֹפְלִ֖ים מֵעֲרֵלִ֑ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָרְדֽוּ־שְׁא֣וֹל בִּכְלֵֽי־מִלְחַמְתָּם֩ וַיִּתְּנ֨וּ אֶת־חַרְבוֹתָ֜ם תַּ֣חַת רָאשֵׁיהֶ֗ם וַתְּהִ֤י עֲוֺֽנֹתָם֙ עַל־עַצְמוֹתָ֔ם כִּֽי־חִתִּ֥ית גִּבּוֹרִ֖ים בְּאֶ֥רֶץ חַיִּֽים׃

[Ezekiel 32:27: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.32.27/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:843` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Ezekiel 32:26 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.842/)
- next →: [Ezekiel 32:28 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.844/)
- ↑ back to [Ezekiel 32:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.32.27/)