--- title: Ezekiel 32:30 (JPS 1917) — There are the princes of the north, all of them, and all the Zidonia… · tree and pragmatics description: There are the princes of the north, all of them, and all the Zidonians, who are gone down with the slain, ashamed for all the terror which they caused by their might, and they lie uncircumcised with them that are slain by the sword, and bear their shame with them that go down to the pit. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (princes, sword, graves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EZK:846 # text = There are the princes of the north, all of them, and all the Zidonians, who are gone down with the slain, ashamed for all the terror which they caused by their might, and they lie uncircumcised with them that are slain by the sword, and bear their shame with them that go down to the pit. 1 There there PRON EX PronType=Dem 2 expl _ _ 2 are be VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 princes prince NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 north north NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 9 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 4 appos _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nmod _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 14 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 16 det:predet _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 Zidonians Zidonian PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 4 conj _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 18 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 20 nsubj _ _ 19 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 aux:pass _ _ 20 gone go VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 16 acl:relcl _ _ 21 down down ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 22 with with ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 slain slain ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 obl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 26 ashamed ashamed ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 xcomp _ _ 27 for for ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 28 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 30 det:predet _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 terror terror NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ _ 31 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 33 obj _ _ 32 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 33 caused cause VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 30 acl:relcl _ _ 34 by by ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 36 nmod:poss _ _ 36 might might NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl _ _ 37 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 39 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 nsubj _ _ 40 lie lie VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 41 uncircumcised uncircumcised ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 xcomp _ _ 42 with with ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 obl _ _ 44 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 46 nsubj:pass _ _ 45 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 46 aux:pass _ _ 46 slain slay VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 43 acl:relcl _ _ 47 by by ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 48 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 49 det _ _ 49 sword sword NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 obl:agent _ _ 50 , , PUNCT , _ 52 punct _ _ 51 and and CCONJ CC _ 52 cc _ _ 52 bear bear VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 conj _ _ 53 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 54 nmod:poss _ _ 54 shame shame NOUN NN Number=Sing 52 obj _ _ 55 with with ADP IN _ 56 case _ _ 56 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 52 obl _ _ 57 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 58 nsubj _ _ 58 go go VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 56 acl:relcl _ _ 59 down down ADV RB _ 58 advmod _ _ 60 to to ADP IN _ 62 case _ _ 61 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 62 det _ _ 62 pit pit NOUN NN Number=Sing 58 obl _ _ 63 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **does** | present | the princes of the north and all Zidonians | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **go down** | present · passive | | all Zidonians | | | | with the slain; ashamed, down *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: subject=Extent | | 3 | **cause** | past | princes *= prince* | all terror | | | | by graves's might | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition which=Patient | | 4 | **lie** | present | princes *= prince* | | | | | with graves *= grave*; uncircumcised *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **slay** | present · passive | the sword | | | | | | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient | | 6 | **bear** | present | princes *= prince* *not said here* | graves's shame | | | | with graves *= grave* | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shame=Patient | | 7 | **go down** | present | | | | | | to the pit; down *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 8 | **shame** | | graves *= grave* | | | | | | nom shame «feeling transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} שָׁ֣מָּה נְסִיכֵ֥י צָפ֛וֹן כֻּלָּ֖ם וְכָל־צִֽדֹנִ֑י אֲשֶׁר־יָרְד֣וּ אֶת־חֲלָלִ֗ים בְּחִתִּיתָ֤םמִגְבֽוּרָתָם֙ בּוֹשִׁ֔ים וַיִּשְׁכְּב֤וּ עֲרֵלִים֙ אֶת־חַלְלֵי־חֶ֔רֶב וַיִּשְׂא֥וּ כְלִמָּתָ֖ם אֶת־י֥וֹרְדֵי בֽוֹר׃ [Ezekiel 32:30: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.32.30/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:846` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 32:29 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.845/) - next →: [Ezekiel 32:31 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.847/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 32:30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.32.30/)