---
title: Ezekiel 4:16 (JPS 1917) — Moreover He said unto me: 'Son of man, behold, I will break the staf… · tree and pragmatics
description: Moreover He said unto me: 'Son of man, behold, I will break the staff of bread in Jerusalem, and they shall eat bread by weight, and with anxiety; and they shall drink water by measure, and in appalment; Who acts: flesh, I, beasts. Ezekiel 4:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics
---

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# Ezekiel 4:16 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Moreover He said unto me: 'Son of man, behold, I will break the staff of bread in Jerusalem, and they shall eat bread by weight, and with anxiety; and they shall drink water by measure, and in appalment;

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** flesh, I, beasts · **What happens:** say, break, eat, drink · **To what, where:** staff, Jerusalem, bread, water · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Ezekiel 4:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (flesh, I, beasts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:85
# text = Moreover He said unto me: 'Son of man, behold, I will break the staff of bread in Jerusalem, and they shall eat bread by weight, and with anxiety; and they shall drink water by measure, and in appalment;
1	Moreover	moreover	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	_
8	Son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	vocative	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	16	discourse	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
14	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	break	break	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	staff	staff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
25	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
26	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
27	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	conj	_	_
28	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
29	by	by	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	weight	weight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
33	with	with	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	conj	_	_
35	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	39	punct	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
37	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	39	nsubj	_	_
38	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	39	aux	_	_
39	drink	drink	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
40	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obj	_	_
41	by	by	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	measure	measure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obl	_	_
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
44	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
45	in	in	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
46	appalment	appalment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	conj	_	_
47	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: warn
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=warn

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | flesh |  |  |  |  | unto me; moreover *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **break** | future | I | the staff of bread |  | Jerusalem |  | Son of man *vocative* | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer staff=Patient |
| 3 | **eat** | shall | beasts *= beast* | bread |  |  |  | by weight and anxiety | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bread=Patient |
| 4 | **drink** | shall | beasts *= beast* | water |  |  |  | by measure and appalment | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַ֗י בֶּן־אָדָם֙ הִנְנִ֨י שֹׁבֵ֤ר מַטֵּה־לֶ֙חֶם֙ בִּיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וְאָכְלוּ־לֶ֥חֶם בְּמִשְׁקָ֖ל וּבִדְאָגָ֑ה וּמַ֕יִם בִּמְשׂוּרָ֥ה וּבְשִׁמָּמ֖וֹן יִשְׁתּֽוּ׃

[Ezekiel 4:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.4.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:85` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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