--- title: Ezekiel 36:4 (JPS 1917) — therefore, ye mountains of Israel, hear the word of the Lord GOD: Th… · tree and pragmatics description: therefore, ye mountains of Israel, hear the word of the Lord GOD: Thus saith the Lord GOD to the mountains and to the hills, to the streams and to the valleys, to the desolate wastes and to the cities that are forsaken, which are become a prey and derision to the residue of the nations that are roun --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.933/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/36/) / [36:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.36.4/) / JPS 1 # Ezekiel 36:4 · JPS 1917 therefore, ye mountains of Israel, hear the word of the Lord GOD: Thus saith the Lord GOD to the mountains and to the hills, to the streams and to the valleys, to the desolate wastes and to the cities that are forsaken, which are become a prey and derision to the residue of the nations that are round about; **Who acts:** Lord GOD, nations · **What happens:** hear, say, forsake, become, be, word · **To what, where:** word, mountains, cities, Lord GOD · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Ezekiel 36:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lord GOD, nations), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EZK:933 # text = therefore, ye mountains of Israel, hear the word of the Lord GOD: Thus saith the Lord GOD to the mountains and to the hills, to the streams and to the valleys, to the desolate wastes and to the cities that are forsaken, which are become a prey and derision to the residue of the nations that are round about; 1 therefore therefore ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 4 det _ _ 4 mountains mountain NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 vocative _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 8 hear hear VERB VBP Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 11 of of ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 13 Lord Lord PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 compound _ _ 14 GOD GOD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 15 : : PUNCT : _ 17 punct _ _ 16 Thus thus ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 17 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 parataxis _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 19 Lord Lord PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 compound _ _ 20 GOD GOD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _ 21 to to ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 mountains mountain NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obl _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 25 to to ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 hills hill NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 conj _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 29 to to ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 streams stream NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 conj _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 33 to to ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 valleys valley NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 conj _ _ 36 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 37 to to ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 39 desolate desolate ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 amod _ _ 40 wastes waste NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 conj _ _ 41 and and CCONJ CC _ 44 cc _ _ 42 to to ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 cities city NOUN NNS Number=Plur 40 conj _ _ 45 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 47 nsubj:pass _ _ 46 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 47 aux:pass _ _ 47 forsaken forsake VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 44 acl:relcl _ _ 48 , , PUNCT , _ 51 punct _ _ 49 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 51 nsubj:pass _ _ 50 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 51 aux:pass _ _ 51 become become VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 44 acl:relcl _ _ 52 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 53 det _ _ 53 prey prey NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 xcomp _ _ 54 and and CCONJ CC _ 55 cc _ _ 55 derision derision NOUN NN Number=Sing 53 conj _ _ 56 to to ADP IN _ 58 case _ _ 57 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 58 det _ _ 58 residue residue NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 obl _ _ 59 of of ADP IN _ 61 case _ _ 60 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 61 det _ _ 61 nations nation NOUN NNS Number=Plur 58 nmod _ _ 62 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 64 nsubj _ _ 63 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 64 cop _ _ 64 round round ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 61 acl:relcl _ _ 65 about about ADV RB _ 64 advmod _ _ 66 ; ; PUNCT : _ 17 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: other - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=other | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hear** | present | | the word of the Lord GOD | | | | ye mountains of Israel *vocative*; therefore *property* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the Lord GOD | | the mountains and the hills and the streams and the valleys and the desolate wastes and the cities | | | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to mountain=Recipient | | 3 | **forsake** | present · passive | | the cities | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **become** | present · passive | | the cities | | | | to the residue of the nations | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result | | 5 | **is** | present | the nations | | | | | about, round *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **word** | | | the Lord GOD | | | | | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} לָכֵן֙ הָרֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שִׁמְע֖וּ דְּבַר־אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְ֠הוִה לֶהָרִ֨ים וְלַגְּבָע֜וֹת לָאֲפִיקִ֣ים וְלַגֵּאָי֗וֹת וְלֶחֳרָב֤וֹת הַשֹּֽׁמְמוֹת֙ וְלֶעָרִ֣ים הַנֶּעֱזָב֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֨ר הָי֤וּ לְבַז֙ וּלְלַ֔עַג לִשְׁאֵרִ֥ית הַגּוֹיִ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר מִסָּבִֽיב׃ס [Ezekiel 36:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.36.4/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:933` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 36:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.932/) - next →: [Ezekiel 36:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.934/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 36:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.36.4/)