---
title: Ezekiel 38:3 (JPS 1917) — and say: Thus saith the Lord GOD: Behold, I am against thee, O Gog,… · tree and pragmatics
description: and say: Thus saith the Lord GOD: Behold, I am against thee, O Gog, chief prince of Meshech and Tubal; Who acts: you, Lord GOD, I. Ezekiel 38:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ezekiel 38:3 · JPS 1917

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and say: Thus saith the Lord GOD: Behold, I am against thee, O Gog, chief prince of Meshech and Tubal;

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**Who acts:** you, Lord GOD, I · **What happens:** say, be · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Ezekiel 38:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Lord GOD, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZK:998
# text = and say: Thus saith the Lord GOD: Behold, I am against thee, O Gog, chief prince of Meshech and Tubal;
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	2	cc	_	_
2	say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
4	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	GOD	GOD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
10	Behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	15	discourse	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
13	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	against	against	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	ccomp	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	18	discourse	_	_
18	Gog	Gog	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	vocative	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	chief	chief	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	prince	prince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Meshech	Meshech	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	Tubal	Tubal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	_
26	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: command
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the Lord GOD |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | I |  |  |  |  | against thee; Gog *vocative* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְאָ֣מַרְתָּ֔ כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֖ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה הִנְנִ֤י אֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ גּ֔וֹג נְשִׂ֕יא רֹ֖אשׁ מֶ֥שֶׁךְ וְתֻבָֽל׃

[Ezekiel 38:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.38.3/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZK:998` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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