---
title: Habakkuk 2:19 (JPS 1917) — Woe unto him that saith to the wood: 'Awake', to the dumb stone: 'Ar… · tree and pragmatics
description: Woe unto him that saith to the wood: 'Awake', to the dumb stone: 'Arise!' Can this teach? Who acts: Woe, this. Habakkuk 2:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Habakkuk 2:19 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

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Woe unto him that saith to the wood: 'Awake', to the dumb stone: 'Arise!' Can this teach?

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**Who acts:** Woe, this · **What happens:** say, arise, teach · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Habakkuk 2:19 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Woe, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:HAB:39
# text = Woe unto him that saith to the wood: 'Awake', to the dumb stone: 'Arise!' Can this teach?
1	Woe	woe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	nmod	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	_
11	Awake	awake	INTJ	UH	_	5	ccomp	_	_
12	',	',	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	dumb	dumb	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
17	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
18	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	_
19	Arise	arise	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
20	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
21	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	_
22	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
23	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	24	nsubj	_	_
24	teach	teach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	parataxis	_	_
25	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: yes/no question
- act: evaluate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- indirect: yes
- teacher: changed act=evaluate, indirect=1, polarity=neg

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Woe unto Woe |  |  |  |  | to the wood; to the dumb stone | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to wood=Experiencer clause=Topic |
| 2 | **arise** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **teach** *speech: other* | can | this |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
ה֣וֹי אֹמֵ֤ר לָעֵץ֙ הָקִ֔יצָה ע֖וּרִי לְאֶ֣בֶן דּוּמָ֑ם ה֣וּא יוֹרֶ֔ה הִנֵּה־ה֗וּא תָּפוּשׂ֙ זָהָ֣ב וָכֶ֔סֶף וְכָל־ר֖וּחַ אֵ֥ין בְּקִרְבּֽוֹ׃

[Habakkuk 2:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAB.2.19/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. **Woe unto him that saith to the wood: 'Awake', to the dumb stone: 'Arise!' Can this teach?**
2. [Behold, it is overlaid with gold and silver, and there is no breath at all in the midst of it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HAB.40/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:HAB:39` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Habakkuk 2:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HAB.38/)
- next →: [Habakkuk 2:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HAB.40/)
- ↑ back to [Habakkuk 2:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAB.2.19/)