---
title: Habakkuk 3:4 (JPS 1917) — And a brightness appeareth as the light; rays hath He at His side; a… · tree and pragmatics
description: And a brightness appeareth as the light; rays hath He at His side; and there is the hiding of His power. Who acts: brightness, hiding. Habakkuk 3:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Habakkuk 3:4 · JPS 1917

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And a brightness appeareth as the light; rays hath He at His side; and there is the hiding of His power.

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**Who acts:** brightness, hiding · **What happens:** appear, have, be, hide · **To what, where:** rays, side, power

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This is Habakkuk 3:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brightness, hiding), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:HAB:46
# text = And a brightness appeareth as the light; rays hath He at His side; and there is the hiding of His power.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	brightness	brightness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	appeareth	appear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	rays	ray	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
10	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
11	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	18	expl	_	_
18	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	hiding	hiding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appear** | present | a brightness |  |  |  |  | as the light | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **have** | present | brightness | rays |  | brightness's side |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ray=Patient |
| 3 | **be** | present | the hiding of brightness's power |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **hide** |  |  | brightness's power |  |  |  |  | nom hiding «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְנֹ֙גַהּ֙ כָּא֣וֹר תִּֽהְיֶ֔ה קַרְנַ֥יִם מִיָּד֖וֹ ל֑וֹ וְשָׁ֖ם חֶבְי֥וֹן עֻזֹּֽה׃

[Habakkuk 3:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAB.3.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:HAB:46` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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