---
title: Habakkuk 3:5 (JPS 1917) — Before him goeth the pestilence, and fiery bolts go forth at His feet. · tree and pragmatics
description: Before him goeth the pestilence, and fiery bolts go forth at His feet. Who acts: pestilence, fiery bolts. Habakkuk 3:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Habakkuk 3:5 · JPS 1917

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Before him goeth the pestilence, and fiery bolts go forth at His feet.

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**Who acts:** pestilence, fiery bolts · **What happens:** go · **To what, where:** feet

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This is Habakkuk 3:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pestilence, fiery bolts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:HAB:47
# text = Before him goeth the pestilence, and fiery bolts go forth at His feet.
1	Before	before	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
3	goeth	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pestilence	pestilence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	fiery	fiery	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	bolts	bolt	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	go	go	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | the pestilence |  |  |  | before brightness |  | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme before he=Location |
| 2 | **go** | present | fiery bolts |  |  | brightness's feet |  | forth *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at foot=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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לְפָנָ֖יו יֵ֣לֶךְ דָּ֑בֶר וְיֵצֵ֥א רֶ֖שֶׁף לְרַגְלָֽיו׃

[Habakkuk 3:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAB.3.5/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:HAB:47` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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