---
title: Habakkuk 3:8 (JPS 1917) — Is it, O LORD, that against the rivers, is it that Thine anger is ki… · tree and pragmatics
description: Is it, O LORD, that against the rivers, is it that Thine anger is kindled against the rivers, or Thy wrath against the sea? that Thou dost ride upon Thy horses, upon Thy chariots of victory? Who acts: Thou, Thine. Habakkuk 3:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Habakkuk 3:8 · JPS 1917

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Is it, O LORD, that against the rivers, is it that Thine anger is kindled against the rivers, or Thy wrath against the sea? that Thou dost ride upon Thy horses, upon Thy chariots of victory?

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**Who acts:** Thou, Thine · **What happens:** be, ride, anger · **To what, where:** affliction

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This is Habakkuk 3:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Thou, Thine), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:HAB:50
# text = Is it, O LORD, that against the rivers, is it that Thine anger is kindled against the rivers, or Thy wrath against the sea? that Thou dost ride upon Thy horses, upon Thy chariots of victory?
1	Is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	nsubj	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	_
5	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	vocative	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	against	against	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
15	Thine	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	kindled	kindle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	ccomp	_	_
19	against	against	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	wrath	wrath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	_
26	against	against	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
29	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
30	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
31	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	33	nsubj	_	_
32	dost	do	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	33	aux	_	_
33	ride	ride	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	advcl	_	_
34	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obl	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
38	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	40	nmod:poss	_	_
40	chariots	chariot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obl	_	_
41	of	of	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	victory	victory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	nmod	_	_
43	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: yes/no question
- act: ask
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present · passive |  | affliction |  |  |  | against the rivers; against the rivers or Thy wrath against the sea; kindle *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **ride** | do-support | Thou |  |  |  |  | upon Thy horses; upon Thy chariots of victory | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **anger** |  | Thine |  |  |  |  |  | nom anger «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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הֲבִנְהָרִים֙ חָרָ֣ה יְהוָ֔ה אִ֤ם בַּנְּהָרִים֙ אַפֶּ֔ךָ אִם־בַּיָּ֖ם עֶבְרָתֶ֑ךָ כִּ֤י תִרְכַּב֙ עַל־סוּסֶ֔יךָ מַרְכְּבֹתֶ֖יךָ יְשׁוּעָֽה׃

[Habakkuk 3:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAB.3.8/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:HAB:50` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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