---
title: Habakkuk 1:6 (JPS 1917) — For, lo, I raise up the Chaldeans, that bitter and impetuous nation,… · tree and pragmatics
description: For, lo, I raise up the Chaldeans, that bitter and impetuous nation, that march through the breadth of the earth, to possess dwelling-places that are not theirs. Who acts: I, bitter nation, dwelling places. Habakkuk 1:6 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Habakkuk 1:6 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For, lo, I raise up the Chaldeans, that bitter and impetuous nation, that march through the breadth of the earth, to possess dwelling-places that are not theirs.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, bitter nation, dwelling places · **What happens:** raise up, march, possess, not be · **To what, where:** Chaldeans, breadth, dwelling places, nations

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Habakkuk 1:6 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, bitter nation, dwelling places), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:HAB:7
# text = For, lo, I raise up the Chaldeans, that bitter and impetuous nation, that march through the breadth of the earth, to possess dwelling-places that are not theirs.
1	For	for	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	lo	lo	INTJ	UH	_	6	discourse	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	raise	raise	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Chaldeans	chaldean	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	15	det	_	_
12	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	impetuous	impetuous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	conj	_	_
15	nation	nation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
18	march	march	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
19	through	through	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	breadth	breadth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	to	to	PART	TO	_	27	mark	_	_
27	possess	possess	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	advcl	_	_
28	dwelling	dwell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	compound	_	_
29	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	28	punct	_	_
30	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obj	_	_
31	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	34	nsubj	_	_
32	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	cop	_	_
33	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	34	advmod	_	_
34	theirs	theirs	PRON	PRP	Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	acl:relcl	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **raise up** | present | I | the Chaldeans |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chaldean=Theme |
| 2 | **march** | present | that bitter nation |  |  | the breadth of the earth |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through breadth=Trajectory |
| 3 | **possess** | to-infinitive | that bitter nation *not said here* | dwelling places |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot place=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **is a** | present | dwelling places | nations *= nation* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כִּֽי־הִנְנִ֤י מֵקִים֙ אֶת־הַכַּשְׂדִּ֔ים הַגּ֖וֹי הַמַּ֣ר וְהַנִּמְהָ֑ר הַֽהוֹלֵךְ֙ לְמֶרְחֲבֵי־אֶ֔רֶץ לָרֶ֖שֶׁת מִשְׁכָּנ֥וֹת לֹּא־לֽוֹ׃

[Habakkuk 1:6: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAB.1.6/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:HAB:7` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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