--- title: Haggai 2:22 (JPS 1917) — and I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms, and I will destroy the… · tree and pragmatics description: and I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms, and I will destroy the strength of the kingdoms of the nations; and I will overthrow the chariots, and those that ride in them; and the horses and their riders shall come down, every one by the sword of his brother. Who acts: I, horses. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, horses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:HAG:38 # text = and I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms, and I will destroy the strength of the kingdoms of the nations; and I will overthrow the chariots, and those that ride in them; and the horses and their riders shall come down, every one by the sword of his brother. 1 and and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 3 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 overthrow overthrow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 throne throne NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 kingdoms kingdom NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nmod _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 11 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ _ 12 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 13 aux _ _ 13 destroy destroy VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 strength strength NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obj _ _ 16 of of ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 kingdoms kingdom NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nmod _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 nations nation NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nmod _ _ 22 ; ; PUNCT : _ 26 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 24 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ _ 25 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 26 aux _ _ 26 overthrow overthrow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 chariots chariot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obj _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 31 those that PRON DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 28 conj _ _ 32 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 33 nsubj _ _ 33 ride ride VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 acl:relcl _ _ 34 in in ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 obl _ _ 36 ; ; PUNCT : _ 44 punct _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 44 cc _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 horses horse NOUN NNS Number=Plur 44 nsubj _ _ 40 and and CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ _ 41 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 42 nmod:poss _ _ 42 riders rider NOUN NNS Number=Plur 39 conj _ _ 43 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 44 aux _ _ 44 come come VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 45 down down ADV RB _ 44 advmod _ _ 46 , , PUNCT , _ 48 punct _ _ 47 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 48 det _ _ 48 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 parataxis _ _ 49 by by ADP IN _ 51 case _ _ 50 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 51 det _ _ 51 sword sword NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 obl _ _ 52 of of ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 53 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 54 nmod:poss _ _ 54 brother brother NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 nmod _ _ 55 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: promise - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **overthrow** | future | I | the throne of kingdoms | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **destroy** | future | I | the strength of the kingdoms of the nations | | | | | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent strength=Patient | | 3 | **overthrow** | future | I | the chariots | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **ride** | present | | | | | | in chariots *= chariot* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **come down** | shall | the horses and horses's riders | | | | | by the sword of Judah's brother; down *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by sword=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְהָֽפַכְתִּי֙ כִּסֵּ֣א מַמְלָכ֔וֹת וְהִ֨שְׁמַדְתִּ֔י חֹ֖זֶק מַמְלְכ֣וֹת הַגּוֹיִ֑ם וְהָפַכְתִּ֤י מֶרְכָּבָה֙ וְרֹ֣כְבֶ֔יהָ וְיָרְד֤וּ סוּסִים֙ וְרֹ֣כְבֵיהֶ֔ם אִ֖ישׁ בְּחֶ֥רֶב אָחִֽיו׃ [Haggai 2:22: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAG.2.22/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:HAG:38` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Haggai 2:21 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HAG.37/) - next →: [Haggai 2:23 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HAG.39/) - ↑ back to [Haggai 2:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAG.2.22/)